Lecture 17 - Clinical Aspects of the Thyroid Gland

LECTURE 17: 10/27 Thyroid Gland K. Clinical aspects Symptoms of hyperhypothyroidian Hypo Hyper mental retardation (slow) during development mentally quick Slowness if adult-reversable physically Sluggish, samnolent, sensitive to cald restless, irritable, hyperkinetic, waseful sensitive to heat hypophagic, law BMя hyperphagic, high BMR eat mare Meat less to produce heat Thyroid Storm if hyperthyroid condition is untreated! Dangerous! Druth (MSOF) Hyperthyroidism Physalasicosis too much toxic a. primary hyperthyroidiam fault is within thyroid gland problem ties within the thyroid gland. Texit mulfinastulur guites TG spontaneously forma gailest multiple aggregates of hyperactive follicles- could be fither Several large hyperactive follicies La treated through radicihyroidectomy, surgical chemical thyroidectomy in thyroid gland rogue follicles (aute pilet) b Secondary hyperthyroidism the problem is NOT watmin thyroid gland recieves stimulation from different parts of body I Graves Disease (autoimmune)-need to remove thyroid gland to cure (chemically, radioactively, prysically) Female 20X male to get it LA (abnormal TSH antibodies) net impactea by (-) feedback ong cling hyroid Simulater-ANTIBODIES against TSH, bind to receptors rather than the harmones activates TSH receptor way overstimulatsa 2 Choriocarcinomas placenta TSH concer of placenta, cant respond to negative feedback comes from placenta 3 Pituitary adenomas TSH (very rare) Unresponsive la (-) feedback by TH 2 Hypothyroidism-toe little a. Myxedema-mucous swelling describes Symptom not the saule from high levels of TSH, nat low Th levels mest severe advanced form in adult, will develop this because of hypothyraidiam Symptoms that result from Mypa -b juvenile myredema Crentism in 8500 births still occurs figm lacking I in mothers system due to iodide pour soil Severe mental retardation prevented by thyroid hormanes, not completely curable must be given in the fitat & ma of life komarsa need answer C. Causes of hypothyroidizm Thyroiditis(primary or secondary? Hashimoto's Disease -antibodies against TPO/Tgb usually seperated in thyroid fatticles destroys thyroid gland no mare TH -causes unclear expnsure to pollutants, viral infections. 2 Dietary iodide deficiency major problem in the developing countries 3.Over-response to hyperthyroid treatment Goitrogens? Radiaiodide? if it works han effectivtly matt moniter thyroid gland destruction 4. Medical treatments Concer radiotherapy, lithium, etc. 5. Congenital diseases have when barn (mutations a an genes) Dyshormagenesis inability to produce TH mutation on genes for TH synthesis (NIS, pendrin, TPO. Tgb) Nonfunctional TSH 6. Thyroid hormone resistance Secretes TH but unable to respond to TH- thyroid gland, not always low TH, since they can respond te TH, will hout symptoms! *The inability to produce. could lead to TH resistance