Name: Date: School: 4.05 Virtual Blood Typing / Transfusion Lab Simulation Lab PRE-LAB Using the lesson notes, complete this pre-lab section. 1. Complete the table identifying antigens and antibodies by blood type. Blood Type Type A Type B Type O Type AB Type AB+ Antigens Present on Cell Surface A B None A and B A+ and B+ Antibodies Present in Plasma B A A and B None None 2. How many units of blood does the average adult have? 4-6 liters 3. A person’s blood type depends on the type of protein marker, called an Antigen , found on the cell membranes of the red blood cells. 4. Protein markers react with specific Antigen, which are proteins found in the immune system. 5. What happens if antibodies attach to antigens on the red blood cells? agglutination 6. Rh factor is another blood protein critical in making successful blood transfusions. If a person does NOT have this protein, is their blood type Rh- or Rh+? Rh- LAB SIMULATION SECTION Go to the Blood Typing Activity. In this lab, you will learn how to type blood and choose the best blood match for a patient needing a transfusion. 7. Read the information on the patient - Summarize the problem in the box below. Kim was in an accident and lost lots of blood now she needs a blood transfusion. We must determine her blood type and we have to find the correct donor. Explore the Lab Read the information on the lab. Match the items to their descriptions. D 8. Anti-Rh Serum A. A liquid containing proteins called antibodies that bind to Type A protein markers (called antigens) on red blood cells causing clumping of the blood if present. A 9. Anti-B Serum B. A liquid containing protein called antibodies that bind to Type B protein markers (called antigens) on red blood cells causing clumping of the blood if present. B 10. Anti-A Serum C. The blood that needs to be typed C 11. Blood Samples D. A liquid containing proteins called antibodies that bind to Rh protein markers (called antigens) on red blood cells causing clumping of the blood if Rh antigens are present. 12. Define agglutination. The process that occurs if an antigen is mixed with its corresponding antibody that then cause clumping. 13. Which antibody serum has antibodies to attach to Type A blood? Anti-B Procedure Follow the procedure and record your answers below. Person Patient Donor 1 Donor 2 Donor 3 Antibody serums showing agglutination A and Ph B and Ph A and B Ph Blood type A+ B+ ABO+ 14. Paste a screenshot of the “Choose a Donor” screen showing the blood types of the patient and all donors below. Conclude and Analyze 15. Which donor was the best donor for the patient? Explain why using complete sentences. Donor 3 because it is the universal donor, and it has Ph protein like the recipient. 16. Which blood types could Donor 2 donate to? Explain why using complete sentences. AB- blood type can only donate to AB- and AB+. 17. Which blood types could Donor 3 donate to? Explain why using complete sentences. Donor 3 can give blood to anyone except O-. Answer the following using complete sentences. 18. Why is Type O negative blood known as the universal donor? Since O- does not have any antigens. It can be compatible with any blood type. 19. What might happen if someone with Type A received a transfusion of Type B blood? The body would reject it and it would cause the immune system attacks the new blood cells and destroys them.