Psychology Answers Part 5

A) B) C) D) In one survey, ________ percent of 12- to 17160. year-old American girls who have had sex said they regretted it. 92 82 72 62 161. A) B) C) D) Teens who use alcohol prior to sexual intercourse experience enhanced self-awareness and are less likely to use condoms. reduced self-awareness and are more likely to use condoms. enhanced self-awareness and are more likely to use condoms. reduced self-awareness and are less likely to use condoms. C) D) Sixteen-year-old Sophie just found out she is 162. pregnant. Which of the following likely contributed to her unplanned pregnancy? sensitivity to the need for birth control excess communication with her parents about birth control alcohol use high levels of estrogen A) B) C) D) Mass media scenarios that shape our 163. expectations about how to develop a sexual relationship are paraphilias. social scripts. sexual response cycles. secondary sex characteristics. A) B) 164. A) The more sexual content adolescents view on TV and in movies, the more likely they are to perceive their peers as sexually active. B) C) D) talk with their parents about contraception. view their own sexual partners as attractive. avoid premature sexual intercourse. A) B) C) D) In the process of portraying women as 165. hypersexualized, the mass media are most likely to promote safe contraceptive use. erotic plasticity. the early sexualization of girls. sexual abstinence. A) B) C) D) Teens are more likely to delay sex if they 166. have ________ levels of intelligence and ________ levels of religious engagement. higher; lower lower; higher higher; higher lower; lower 167. A) B) C) D) 168. A) B) C) D) Lower rates of pregnancy have been observed among teens who have sexually vivid dreams that lead to orgasm. imagined being taken sexually by someone overwhelmed with passion. watched a higher-than-average amount of prime-time television. participated in a service learning program as tutors or teachers' aides. In studies that followed hundreds of 5- to 18year-old girls from New Zealand and the United States, ________ was(were) linked to sexual activity before age 16. erotic plasticity a brother's absence a father's absence social scripts A) B) C) D) After analyzing viewership and pregnancy rates among teenage girls who watched the 169. MTV series 16 and Pregnant, researchers found that over time and in specific areas teen pregnancy rates increased in those who watched the series. the series had no effect on teen pregnancy rates. there was an increase in condom usage. there was a 6 percent reduction in the national teen pregnancy rate. A) B) C) D) One's sexual orientation refers to a(n) 170. ________ members of either one's own sex or the other sex. sexual response cycle triggered by erotic plasticity associated with enduring sexual attraction toward erotic plasticity in response to A) B) C) D) Abraham, a 25-year-old law student, is heterosexual; his brother Chaim, a 21-year171. old college senior, is homosexual. The brothers obviously differ in their erotic plasticity. sexual response cycle. sexual orientation. refractory period. 172. A) B) C) D) More than a dozen national surveys in Europe and the United States indicate that about ________ percent of men are gay and about ________ percent of women are lesbian. 3 or 4; 2 3; 3 or 4 10; 5 or 6 10; 10 or 11 A) B) C) D) 173. A homosexual orientation is equally likely among members of both sexes. associated with a lack of estrogen. very persistent and difficult to change. characteristic of over 10 percent of American males. 174. A) B) C) D) 175. A) B) C) D) A) B) C) D) Gender differences in erotic plasticity are best illustrated by the fact that women have longer refractory periods than do men. tend to be more changeable than men in sexual orientation. are less likely than men to be equally aroused by male and female erotic stimuli. become aware of their sexual orientation much earlier in life than do men. Unlike in men, a high sex drive in women is likely to be associated with an increased 176. same-sex attraction as well as an increased opposite-sex attraction. This best illustrates women's greater erotic plasticity. refractory period. orgasmic disorder. unit bias. 177. A) The variability of sexual urges and interests is called the sexual response cycle. sexual orientation. the refractory period. erotic plasticity. Jennifer, unlike her husband Paul, prefers to alternate periods of high sexual activity with periods of very little sexual activity. This best illustrates gender differences in sexual dysfunction. B) C) D) erotic plasticity. refractory periods. orgasmic disorders. A) B) C) D) Rachael was happily married to her husband for 28 years until his death two years ago. Recently, she has developed a lesbian relationship with Marta, who is also a widow. 178. Both are very happy and sexually satisfied in this relationship. Rachael and Marta's relationship is an example of ________ in women. sexual dysfunction erotic plasticity refractory periods orgasmic disorders A) B) C) D) Women's sexual orientation tends to be 179. ________ strongly held and ________ variable over time than that of men. more; less less; more more; more less; less 180. A) B) C) D) Research on the environmental conditions that influence sexual orientation indicates that homosexuals are more likely than heterosexuals to have been sexually abused during childhood. homosexuals are more likely than heterosexuals to have been overprotected by their mothers. homosexuals are more likely than heterosexuals to have been raised in a fatherabsent home. the reported backgrounds of homosexuals and heterosexuals are similar. 181. A) B) C) D) 182. A) B) C) D) 183. A) B) C) D) A) B) smothered by maternal love than heterosexual men. Boys growing up in a father-absent home are ________ likely to be gay than boys growing up with their father present in the home. more; no more no more; more more; more no more; no more Which of the following is NOT true with respect to sexual orientation? Homosexuality is linked with problems during childhood due to relationships with parents. The environmental factors that influence sexual orientation are presently unknown. Sexual orientation is not created by mistreatment and hatred toward the other sex. Sexual orientation is neither willfully chosen nor willfully changed. A biological influence on homosexuality is most clearly seen from evidence of sexual relations between same-sex partners in several hundred different animal species. an increase in same-sex attraction among women who had fraternal twin brothers. the increase in homosexual and bisexual people among males with domineering mothers. the link between sexual orientation and the levels of sex hormones currently in a person's blood. Simon LeVay discovered that a neural cluster 184. located in the ________ was larger in heterosexual men than in homosexual men. cerebellum amygdala C) D) A) B) C) D) hypothalamus medulla The hypothalamus lights up in an area governing sexual arousal when ________ are 185. given a whiff of scent derived from men's sweat. lesbian women and gay men lesbian women and straight men straight women and straight men straight women and gay men 186. A) B) C) D) A) B) C) D) By manipulating a single gene, scientists have been able to control sexual orientation in humans. chimpanzees. fruit flies. all of these organisms. Your father-in-law thinks that homosexual activity is a choice people make, not a result 187. of genetics. To dissuade him of this erroneous belief, you might share which of the following research findings? Homosexuality does not appear to run in families. Identical twins are no more likely than fraternal twins to share a co-twin's homosexual orientation. Researchers have been able to create female fruit flies that, during courtship, act like males. Homosexual men have fewer homosexual relatives on their mother's side than on their father's. A) B) C) D) The maternal relatives of homosexual men produce ________ offspring than the maternal relatives of heterosexual men, and male 188. homosexuality is more likely to be transmitted by genes from the ________ side of the family. more; mother's fewer; father's fewer; mother's more; father's A) B) C) D) Simon's psychology professor states that homosexual men tend to have more homosexual relatives on their mother's side 189. than on their father's, which supports a genetic basis for homosexuality. The position explained by Simon's professor is called the fertile females theory. the fraternal birth-order effect. the older brother effect. erotic plasticity. A) B) C) D) The fertile females theory has been used to 190. explain the transmission of genes that promote female orgasmic disorder. homosexuality. refractory periods. erotic plasticity. A) B) C) D) Sex hormone levels experienced by the fetus between the second and fifth months after 191. conception are most likely to influence a male's sexual orientation in later life because of their impact on the X chromosome the Y chromosome. brain development. sexually transmitted infections. B) C) D) Research has found that an animal's sexual orientation can be altered by manipulations of prenatal hormone conditions. exposure only to animals of the same sex. injections of sex hormones in early adulthood. destruction of the hippocampus. A) B) C) D) If pregnant sheep are injected with ________ during a critical period of prenatal 193. development, their female offspring will show homosexual behavior. estrogen HIV HPV testosterone A) B) C) D) The incidence of male homosexuality has 194. been found to be slightly higher than usual among physicians. professional athletes. residents of small villages. men who have older brothers. 192. A) 195. A) B) C) D) 196. A) B) C) It has been suggested that the fraternal birthorder effect is a result of erotic plasticity. refractory periods. a maternal immune response. mass-media norms. A birth-order effect seems to play a role in sexual orientation among men who are right-handed. women who are right-handed. men who are not right-handed. both men and women who are not righthanded. D) A) B) C) D) Rebecca and Thomas have three sons. Rebecca is pregnant with another son. Studies 197. by Ray Blanchard and Anthony Bogaert indicate that the chances of the fourth son being homosexual is ________ percent. 1 3 5 4 A) B) C) D) Steven, who is gay, is the youngest of five boys. Which of the following differences are 198. you LEAST likely to observe between Steven and his older brothers? walking style physical aggression fingerprint ridge counts intelligence A) B) C) D) On mental rotation tasks, gays and lesbians have been observed to score ________ than 199. heterosexual men and ________ than heterosexual women. higher; higher lower; lower higher; lower lower; higher 200. A) B) C) In remembering the spatial locations of objects, straight men perform better than gay men and better than straight women. worse than gay men, and worse than straight women. better than gay men and worse than straight women. worse than gay men and better than straight women. D) 201. A) B) C) D) A) B) C) D) A) B) C) D) With respect to sex research and human values, the text suggests that sexual activity is largely a medical and biological issue, not a moral issue. scientific methods prevent sex researchers from being influenced by their own personal values. researchers should not reveal their sexual values because sexual standards are a matter of personal taste. although the words we use express our values, most sex researchers and educators try to keep their writings value free. Jenna and Diego have been in a committed, monogamous relationship for years, while Siena and Michael just Òhooked upÓ for the night. After sex, Jenna and Diego are more 202. likely to experience a surge in the hormone ________, while Siena and Michael will secrete less of this hormone. This hormone is related to sexual satiety and ________ after orgasm with a loved one. testosterone; satisfaction estrogen; guilt prolactin; satisfaction prolactin; regret 203. Most humans are genetically predisposed to maintain their self-esteem. form close enduring relationships with fellow humans. satisfy a need for social isolation. satisfy their need for political freedom before seeking emotional security.