Practice Test of Biology

Practice Test 1. For each simple genetics problem below, label whether it is autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. What are the possible genotypes for the phenotype indicated in each question? * a) All of the flowers are purple. * PP, Pp * b) All of the flowers are white. * pp * c) Some of the flowers are purple and some are white. * Pp 2. If a purple flower is crossed with a white flower, what are the possible genotypes of the offspring? * Pp, pp 3. If a purple flower is crossed with a purple flower, what are the possible genotypes of the offspring? * PP, Pp, pp 4. For the following phenotypes, give the genotypes for the ratio of the dominant trait to the recessive trait. * a) 3 tall : 1 short * TT, Tt, tt * b) 3 round : 1 wrinkled * RR, Rr, rr * c) 3 purple : 1 white * PP, Pp, pp 5. Let's say you perform a Punnett Square for the following crosses. How many of the offspring will be... * a) Homozygous dominant? * 1/4 * b) Homozygous recessive? * 1/4 * c) Heterozygous? * 1/2 6. If a tall plant is crossed with a short plant, what % of the offspring will be tall? * 50% 7. If a tall plant is crossed with a tall plant, what % of the offspring will be short? * 25% 8. If a short plant is crossed with a short plant, what % of the offspring will be tall? * 0% 9. What percentage of the offspring will be tall? * 75% 10. What percentage of the offspring will be short? * 25% 11. PRACTICE WITH CROSSES * a) If a plant with the genotype Tt is crossed with a tt plant... * b) If a plant with the genotype TT is crossed with a tt plant... 12. CODOMINANCE AND MULTIPLE ALLELES * Blood Type is codominant. PRACTICE WITH CO-DOMINANCE * 1) Write the genotypes for a person with type A blood. * I^A I^A, I^A i * 2) Write the genotypes for a person with type B blood. * I^B I^B, I^B i * 3) Write the genotypes for a person with type AB blood. * I^A I^B * 4) Write the genotypes for a person with type O blood. * ii 13. If a man with type AB blood marries a woman with type B blood, what blood types will their children have? * 1. A * 2. B * 3. AB Questions Explained 20. What does the symbol ○ mean? * Female 21. What does the symbol □ mean? * Male 22. What does a shaded symbol mean? * Affected 23. What does a line between two people indicate? * Marriage 24. How can you tell if a person inherited the trait you are tracking? * They must have at least one affected parent. 25. Can Dave and Maria have any more children that can roll their tongues? * No, both of their parents can roll their tongues. 26. Mary and Marge's dad allowed both of them to roll their tongues. Both of their parents can roll their tongues, but neither can roll their tongues. What are the genotypes of Mary and Marge? * Tt 27. Mary has three children: Tom, Cliff, and Thelma. Tom can roll his tongue, Cliff cannot, and Thelma can. What are the genotypes of Tom, Cliff, and Thelma? * Tom: TT or Tt * Cliff: tt * Thelma: TT or Tt 28. Mary and Marge had a child of their own. Mary's dad can roll his tongue, but not her mom. Marge's dad can roll his tongue, but not her mom. What are the genotypes of Mary and Marge? Why? * Mary: Tt * Marge: Tt * Because they each have one parent who can roll their tongue and one parent who cannot. 29. If you crossed two individuals with the genotypes AaBbCc, what is the probability that they will have a child who is homozygous recessive for all three traits? * 1/64 30. In cats, many colors are controlled by genes on the X chromosome. Female cats can be black, orange, or calico, while male cats can only be black or orange. Calico cats are always female. What is a calico cat's genotype? * X^B X^O What percentage of the kittens will be calico and male? * 0% What percentage of the kittens will be calico and female? * 25% What percentage of the kittens will be female? * 50% If there are 8 kittens in the litter, how many would you expect of each phenotype? Show your math. * 2 of each phenotype * 6 x 1/4 = 1.5 (round to 2)