Species Diversity Note | Lecture Note

University:
High School
Course:
High School Biology
Academic year:

2023
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241

Pages:

2
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Species diversity: Combines richness and evenness. The Shannon diversity index is commonly used to quantify species diversity by combining richnessand evenness.5. Biodiversity and ScaleBiodiversity exists at multiple spatial scales, from genetic diversity within populations to diversityamong communities and regions. Biodiversity: Diversity from genes to species to communities, emphasizinginterconnectedness. • Rank-abundance Curves: Graphs showing species commonness ravity. Species accumulation curves: Plot species richness against sampling effort.le. Direct and Indirect Species Interactions Direct interactions: occur between two species. or (e.g., competition, predation, facilitation). Indirect interactions: Effects between species mediated by one or more additional species. Trophic cascade: Indirect effect where predators reduce herbivores, increasing primaryproducers. 7. Facilitation and Competitive Networks Trophic facilitation: A Consumer benefits indirectly from positive interaction involving its prey. Competitive network: Multiple species compete such that no single species dominates. 8. Interaction StrengthInteraction strength: Magnitude of the effect of on as vary with wave one species another.Interaction strength can environmental conditions, such exposure affectingpredator efficiency. 9. Dominant, Foundation, and Keystone Species Dominant (foundation) species: Species with large effects due to high abundance. biomass. Ecosystem engineers: Species that modify nabitats. Keystone species: Species with disproportionately large effects. or Create or relative to their abundance. 10. Context-Dependent Interactions The role of species can change depending on environmental conditions. A species may act in one as akeystone context but be relatively unimportant in another