Chapter 4-5: Fundamentals Of Speeche Communication Requirement

FUNDAMENTALS OF SPEECHE COMMUNICATION REQUIREMENT-(CMST101) -Lecture Notes (2020) -Chapter 4-5 : -PRACTICALLY SPEAKING : 4.1 Short : Speech Technique Prepare and deiver a two minute speech in which you : a. exlplain how a current television or print advertisement relies on or makes use of one of the distortions discussed under critical listening. b. explain the role of listening in effective interpersonal relationships c. describe a communication breakdown (problem) occasioned by ineffective listening. d.describe what a speaker can do to make listening easier. 4.2Your Own Listening Barriers Most ; people put on blinders when they come upon particular topics or particular spokespersons. Sometimes these blinders prevent information from getting through fairly : and objectively. For example, you may avoid listening to certain people or reading certain newspapers becduse they-frequently contradict your beliefs.Sometimes these blinders color the information you take in, influencing you to take a positive view of some information (because it may support one of your deeply held beliefs) and a negative view of other information (be-cause it may contradict such beliefs). Read War the following situations and identify any barriers that may get in the way of your listening to these people and these messages fairly and objectively. Some situations may seem likely and others extremely unlikely. For this exercise, however, assume that all speakers are speaking on the topic indicated and that you're in the audience. Ask yourself the following questions about each of the 20 situations presented. -What are your initial expectations ? -How credible do you find the speakereven before he or she begins to speak ? -Will you begin listening with a positive, a nega. Live, or a neutral attitude ? How will these attitudes influence your listening ? -What will you be saying to yourself as you begin listening to the speaker ? Will this influence what you receive, understand, and remember of the speech ? Will this influence how you evaluate and respond to the speech ? -What do you think your final assessment of the speech will be ? On a 10-point scale (l=extremely sure ; 1=extremely unsure), how sure are you that this will be your assessment ? -Can you identify at least one barrier that you (or someone else) might set up for each of these speech situations ? 1. Elizabeth Taylor on the need to contribute to AIDS research. 2. Gloria Steinem criticizing (or praising) the contemporary women's movement. 3. President Bill Clinton speaking on the role'of the military in defending American democracy. ' 4. A noted and successful business leader on the futility of a college education in today's econamy. ‘ 5. Edward Kennedy on the importance of moderation. 6. Spike Lee on race relations. 7. Ross Perot or Bill Gates on financial mistakes the government must avoid. . 8. A Mexican business leader urging American businesses to consider relocating to Mexico. 9. Oprah anrey on the mistakes 'of modern psychology. 10. A representative from General Motors, Toyota, or Mercedes Benz urging greater restrictions on foreign imports. 11. A Catholic priest on‘why you should remain a virgin until marriage. 12. A homeless person petitioning to be allowed to sleep in the local public library, 13. A representative of the leading tobacco companies voicing opposition to (or support for) the legalization of marijuana. . 14. An Iranian couple talking about the need to return to fundamentalist values. 15. A person with AIDS speaking in favor of lower drug prices. 16. A successful Japanese business leader talking about the mistakes of contemporary American businesses. 17. A lesbianimother speaking against lesbians being granted custody of their children. 18. A person irvithout sight or hearing speaking in favor of including persons with disabilities in the definition of multiculturalism used on campus. 19. A man (of woman) speaking on the failings of the opposite sex and how to tolerate them without going crazy. 20. An 85~year old multimillionaire speaking on why social security must be given to everyone regardless of income or need. 4.3 Analyzihg 3 Speech. Here is a speech that will serve two purposes. First, it's on listening and provides an interesting perspective on the importance of listening, in this case to the medical profession. Second, it is a useful model for analyzing effectiveness. Read the speech and respond'to the accompanying questions. Chapter 5 : 5.1 Short Speech Technique Prepare and deliver a twominute speech in which you: a.explain what you think would be the ideal. Critical evaluation for a speaker to receive From a critic. b.explain why criticism is so difficult to give or to receive (select one). c.explain what you think is the most appropriate standard to use tor criticizing the classroom speech, the religious sermon, the college lecture, the political campaign speech, or the advertiser's pitch (select one or compare two). d.offer a critical evaluation at any one at the speeches contained in this text or of a speech from some other source. 5.2 Analyzing and Criticizing a Poorly Constructed Informative Speech The sample speeches presented throughout this book are good ones and are designed to illustrate the effective application of the principles of public speaking. Here, however, is an especially poor speech, constructed to illustrate clearly and briefly some of the maior faults with informative speeches. This exercise can be returned to several times throughout the course. As the course progresses, the responses will become more complete, more insightful, and more effective. After you've reviewed the speech and the comments on the right, phrase your criticism in the form of a relatively formal critique of one to twa minutes. Assume that this is a student's first speech and you're the publicspeaking instructor. What do you say ? 5.3 Analyzingland Criticizing a Poorly Constructed Persuasive : Speech Like the informativle Speech in Prbctically Speaking 5.2, this speech was wl'itten to illustrate some really bread as well as some rather subtle errors that a beginning speaker might make in constructing a persuasive speech. First, read the entire speech without reading any of the questions in the right- hand column. Then, after you've read the entire speech, 'rereaa‘ each paragraph and respond to the critical thinking questions ; What other questions might prove proddctive to ask ?