Neurogrand Test - Answers

NEUROGRAND TEST 1. Which of the following is the reason for the given visual defect a. b. c. d. Aneurysm of posterior communicatng artery Pituitary adenoma Infarcton of occipital cortex Optc neurits Ans b Given conditon – bitemporal hemianopia Due to aneurysms of anterior communicatng arteryy pituitary adenoma – optc chiasma compressed – temporal fbers of both sides afected. 2. Identfy Ay By C in the given diagram A – spina bifda occultay B – Meningoceley C – Myelomeningocele 3. Identfy the cavity of mesencephalon in the given diagram a. b. c. d. A B C D Ans c A – Lateral ventricle – cavity of telencephalon B – third ventricle – cavity of diencephalon C – cerebral aqueduct of sylvius – cavity of mesencephalon D – IV ventricle – cavity of rhombencephalon 4. True about the marked structure a. b. c. d. Forms lateral wall of posterior horn of lateral ventricle Passes through splenium of corpus callosum Forms medial wall of posterior horn of lateral ventricle Passes through genu of corpus callosum Ans a   Tapetal fbers related to lateral wall of posterior horn of lateral ventricle Pass through body of corpus callosum 5. True or false statement about the marked structure a. b. c. d. e. A – Remnant of cranial neuropore B – circumventricular organ C – part of meta thalamus D – frst commissure to develop E – ends in hippocampus Ans      A – lamina terminalis remnant of anterior neuropore – true B – tuber cinereum – not part of circumventricular organ – false C – pineal gland – part of epithalamus – false D – anterior commissure – frst commissure to develop – true E – fornix ends at mamillary body y arises from hippocampus – false 6. The correct sequence of formaton of commissural fbers a. Fornix – anterior commissure – corpus callosum b. Anterior commissure – fornix – corpus callosum c. Anterior commissure – corpus callosum – fornix d. Fornix – corpus callosum – anterior commissure Ans b First – anterior commissure then fornix and then corpus callosum 7. Language assessment reveals good comprehension & repetton and poor fuenccy Which of the following tcpes of aphasia best fts this casee a. Transcortcal motor b. Transcortcal sensory c. Broca s area d. Conducton Ans a Transcortcal motor – Broca s area is normal but Broca s area is isolated not connected to surrounding frontal area So fluency afected. Comprehension and repetton normal 8. Structures not involved in direct pathway of basal ganglia 1. Subthalamus 2. Globus palidus externa 3. Globus pallidus interna 4. Corpus striatum 5. Thalamus a. 1y 2 b. 1y 2y 3 c. 1y 3 d. 2y 3 Ans a – subthalamus and Globus palidus externa not involved in direct pathway 9. The given syndrome is due to a. b. c. d. AICA PICA Posterior cerebral artery Vertebral artery Ans d Given syndrome is lateral medullary syndrome – Wallenberg syndrome - - due to vertebral artery > PICA 10. Which of the following is artery of Charcot haemorrhage in the given diagram a. b. c. d. A B C D Ans b   Artery of Charcot haemorrhage – lateral striate artery Recurrent artery of heubner – medial striate artery 11. Blood supply of marked area a. b. c. d. Anterior choroidal artery Posterior communicatng artery Middle cerebral Anterior cerebral artery Ans a Marked part – hippocampus supplied by anterior choirdal artery 12. Nucleus interpositus s formed by 1y Dentate 2y Emboliform 3y Globose 4y Fastgial 5y Red nucleus a. 2y3y4 b. 2y3 c. 1y2y3 d. 2y3y5 Ans b – interpositus formed by emboliforms and globose 13. Fibers from the marked structure end in a. b. c. d. Purkinje cells Dentate nucleus Red nucleus Inferior colliculus Ans a Marked part is olive – under that inferior olivary nucleus – climbing fbers arise and end directly in purkinje 14. Facial nerve does not contain a. SVA b. GVE c. SVE d. SSA Ans d SSA SSA – contains vestbular nuclei and cochlear nuclei. 15. A 40 cear old female librarian is brought to the emergencc departmenty Neurologic examinaton reveals the followingn blood pressure 160/90 mm Hg, numbness on the right side of her inferior face, no weakness in upper or lower limbs, , tongue deviatng to right side on protrusion, and uvula deviatng to the lef side when patent sacs “ah”y In which of the following loci is the lesion causing these scmptoms founde a. Claustrum b. Genu of internal capsuley lef side c. Paracentral lobuley right side d. Posterior limb internal capsule Ans b In genu – Cortconuclear fbers pass through. Cortconuclear fbers control the head and neck Cortcospinal pass through posterior limb – which control the limb and trunk 16. Which of the following thalamic nuclei has a motor functone A. B. C. D. Lateral dorsal nucleus Lateral posterior nucleus Mediodorsal nucleus Ventral lateral nucleus Ans d ventral lateral nucleus  Ventral tier nucleus ■ Ventral anterior (lateral) ◆ Receives input from globus palidus and substantia nigra ◆ Fibers project to motor cortex ■ Ventral posterior: Contains three sub thalamic nuclei ◆ Ventral posterolateral: Receives input from spinothalamic tracts and medial lemniscus ◆ Ventral posteromedial: Receives trigeminothalamic tracts ◆ Ventral posterior inferior: Receives fbers from vestibular nuclei. 17. Not seen in Gerstmann Syndrome a. Right – left confusion b. Contralateral loss of sensory discrimination c. Agraphia d. Dyscalculia Ans b  Lesion in the dominant hemisphere Parietal Lobe leads to Gerstmann Syndrome, which has the following features: ■ Right – left confusion ■ Finger agnosia ■ Agraphia ■ Dyscalculia NON DONMINANT HEMISPHERE Responsible for three dimensional percepton and nonverbal ideaton Lesion in the nondominant hemisphere Parietal Lobe leads to ■ Contralateral loss of sensory discriminaton ■ Contralateral side neglect 18yWhich of the following is centre for stapedial refex a. Superior olivary complex b. Superior colliculus c. Medial geniculate body d. Lateral lemniscus Ans a superior olivary nucleus 19. In the given image, identfc the structure which is formed bc union of two internal cerebral vein and basal vein a. A b. B c. C d. D ANSWER A • A – GREAT CEREBRAL VEIN OF GALLEN – FORMED BY UNION OF INTERNAL CEREBRAL VEIN AND BASAL VEIN • B - STRAIGHT SINUS • C – INFERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS • D – SUPERIOR SAGITTAL SINUS 20. Pupillarc light refex pathwac is shown in the fgurey Identfc A,B,C in the given diagram a. Edinger westpaul nucleusy pretectal nucleusy ciliary ganglion b. Pretectal nucleusy Edinger westpaul nucleusy ciliary ganglion c. Ciliary gangliony pretectal nucleusy Edinger westpaul nucleus d. ciliary gangliony Edinger westpaul nucleusy pretectal nucleus  Answer c Ciliarc ganglion, pretectal nucleus, Edinger westpaul nucleus 21. Parascmpathetc pathwac for parotd shown in fgurey Correct statement about marked part a. A – Belongs to SVE column b. B – pass through foramen ovale c. C – functonally atached to facial nerve d. D – branch of glossopharyngeal nerve Answer B – pass through foramen ovale  A – inferior salivatorc nucleus – Belongs to GVE column  B – lesser petrosal nerve – branch of glossopharcngeal nerve – pass through foramen ovale  C – otc ganglion – functonallc belong to glossopharcngeal nerve – topographicallc related to mandibular nerve  D – auriculo temporal nerve – branch of mandibular nerve 22. In the papez circuit of the limbic system, between which combination is the hypothalamus placed on the basis of function? a. Cingulate cortex – Hippocamous b. Hippocampus – Thalamus c. Thalamus – Hippocamous d. Parahippocampal gyrus – Thalamus 22. Ans. b. Hippocampus – Thalamus  The sequence of connection is Hippocampus->Mammillary body->Thalamus Noten Mamillary body is a component of hypothalamus 23.Area that lies immediately lateral to the anterior perforating substance is: a. Orbital gyrus b. Uncus c. Optic chiasma d. Limeninsulae Infront and medial Medial olfactorc striae Infront and lateral Lateral striae of olfactorc tract Behind and medial Optc tract Behind and lateral Uncus Lateral Limen insulae Medial Optc tract and chiasma 24. All true a. b. c. d. about conus syndrome, except: Begins at the level of lower 3 sacral and coccygeal segment Absent knee and ankle jerks Flexor planter reflex Saddle anaesthesia 24.Ans. b. Absent knee and ankle jerks       Since the spinal segment involved in knee and ankle jerks are at higher level than the level of lesion, they are preserved, and not lost Root value of knee reflex is L-2,3 and 4 and for the ankle reflex is S-1 Conus medullary syndrome is a lower motor neuron lesion and involves the lower 3 sacral and coccygeal segments Plantar reflex remains flexor in this syndrome, since its spinal arc is also above the level of lesion and is unafected Root value of plantar reflex is S-1,2 Conus medullary syndrome produces saddle anaesthesia in the perineal region as per the dermatomal pattern 25y Superior temporal gcrus contains a. auditory cortex and broca s area b. audiroty and wernicke s area c. wernickes area and broca s area d. auditory area only ans b anterior part of superior temporal gyrus – auditory cortex posterior part of superior temporal gyrus – wernicke s area