University:
Rice University
Course:
BIOS 447 | Biology and Medicine
Academic year:

2021
Views:

149

Pages:

2
Author:

Alex P.

‭ATOPIC MYCOACTERIA:‬ ‭ lassification:‬ C ‭Slow growth‬ ‭I.‬ ‭Photochromogenic: M.‬ ‭marinum‬ ‭M. kansasii‬ ‭II.‬‭Scotochromogens: M. scrofulaceum‬ ‭III.‬‭Non-chromogenic: M. avium-intracellulare‬ ‭M. tuberculosis‬ ‭M. bovis‬ ‭M. ulcerans‬ ‭M. haemophilum‬ ‭IV.‬ ‭Fast growing: M. fortuitum-chelonei‬ ‭Non- cultivable: M. leprae‬ ‭By inoculation or inhalation. It depends on the immune status. Tuberculoid and/or mixed‬ ‭granulomas. Ziehl-Nielsen stain.Crop.PCR. False +. Varied clinic‬ ‭M.marinum‬‭:‬ ‭-‬ ‭Pool granuloma(aquariums). Wounds in contaminated aquatic environment. Bluish‬ ‭-‬ ‭nodule that ulcerates on the hands Dermolymphangitis and regional adenopathy or‬ ‭-‬ ‭sporotrichoid patternProlonged course until remission.‬ ‭Various antibiotics: Clarithromycin‬ ‭M.kansasii:‬ ‭-‬ ‭Various types of lesions: Nodules, ulcers, abscesses, scrofuloderma‬ ‭Sporotrichoid pattern. Very similar to Tuberculosis-Lung involvement.‬ ‭-‬ ‭Combined tuberculostatics as in TB‬ ‭M.scrofulaceum‬‭: Self-limiting lesions with a sporotrichoid pattern,lymphadenitisand‬ ‭lymphadenopathy. Surgical excision or tuberculostatics.‬ ‭M. avium-intracellulare‬‭:‬ ‭-‬ ‭MAI or MAC (M. avium complex).‬ ‭-‬ ‭Varied clinical presentation: Abscesses, ulcers, scrofuloderma Disseminated infection (‬ ‭-‬ ‭pulmonary).‬ ‭Clarithromycin and tuberculostatics indefinitely (ethambutol).‬ ‭M. ulcerans‬ ‭-‬ ‭Buruli ulcer. Common in the third world. Nodule that ulcerates on the legs.‬ ‭-‬ ‭Osteomyelitis. Wide excision and rifampin + streptomycin.‬ ‭M. haemophilum:‬ ‭-‬ ‭Abscess on articular surfacesArthritisseptic-osteomyelitis Disseminated,‬ ‭adenopathic.‬ ‭-‬ ‭Surgical excision, clarithromycin and rifampicin.‬ ‭M. fortuitum-chelonae‬‭:‬ ‭-‬ ‭The most frequent in our environment.Woundsin contaminated‬ ‭environments, aquatic, surgical, hair removal...‬ ‭-‬ ‭Nodules-abscesses or sporotrichoid pattern. Pulmonary and visceral‬ ‭involvement. Surgical excision and clarithromycin.‬ ‭LEPROSY:‬ ‭-‬ ‭Etiopathogenesis:‬ ‭-‬ ‭Hansen's disease. infection‬‭Mycobacterium leprae‬‭. Through intimate and‬ ‭prolonged contact in conditions of overcrowded airway (nasal mucosa) and‬ ‭eroded skin‬ ‭-‬ ‭-‬ I‭mmune status determines contagion and clinical forms. All new cases‬ ‭are imported (India, Africa, Brazil-Paraguay)‬ ‭It affects skin in cold areas of the body (nose, earlobe and testicles). It affects‬ ‭the peripheral nervous system in distal areas.‬ ‭-‬ ‭Greater Th1 cellular immune response in tuberculoid leprosy (LT or TT). Lower‬ ‭immune response (Th2 and humoral) in lepromatous leprosy (LL).‬