University:
The Master's University
Course:
LS321 | Human Anatomy
Academic year:

2024
Views:

91

Pages:

4
Author:

rehinhea0c

1 PAL Worksheet The Respiratory System 1. List the functions of the Respiratory System. 2. What are the organs of the Upper Respiratory System? What about the Lower Respiratory System? 3. What mechanisms does the respiratory system use to eliminate inhaled particles and pathogens? 4. Define the function of the following structures: a) Nasal Septum – b) Nasal Conchae – c) Paranasal Sinuses – d) Epiglottis – e) Vestibular Folds – f) True Vocal Cords – 5. What kind of epithelium would you expect to find in the finest subdivisions of the respiratory system, where gas exchange takes place? Why? 6. What kind of epithelium would you expect to find lining the nasal cavity and pharynx? Why? 2 7. What muscles are required for inspiration at rest? 8. What muscles are required for expiration at rest? 9. What are the four paranasal sinuses and why are they important? 10. What type of cartilage is found in the Trachea? Why is this cartilage important? 11. Draw the right and left lungs. Label all important structurescoastal on the surface. 12. Name the pleural membranes and where list they are found. 13. What is found in the pleural cavity and what is its importance? 3 14. Draw and label the following structures: Larynx, trachea, terminal and respiratory bronchioles, primary, secondary, and tertiary bronchioles, alveolar sacs, and alveoli. 15. Label the following respiratory structures in the head and neck. X A W B V C D U E F T G S H R I Q P O N 16. What cranial nerves control movement of the esophagus? J K L M 4 17. Define the conducting zone and list out all structures involved with this zone. 18. Define the respiratory zone and list out all structures involved with this zone. Thought Questions: 19. Define ventilation and respiration. Which of these terms means breathing? 20. Which muscles are used for forced inspiratory muscles? 21. Which muscles are used for forced expiratory muscles? 22. Why would food that ends up in the trachea typically end up in the right lung? 23. You feel pain below your right eye while you have the cold, which sinus is likely causing this pain? 24. What are the important structures associated with the hilum of the lung?