Lecture 9: Intro to Memory & Encoding i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. Memory a. Persistence of learning over time, through active encoding, storage, and retrieval of information Memory Process a. Encoding- getting information into memory system b. Storage- retention of information c. Retrieval- getting information out Information Processing a. Three-stage model of memory (Atkinson-Shiffrin) i. Sensory memory- immediate, brief recording of sensory information ii. Short-term memory—holds a few items for a short time iii. Long-term memory—relatively permanent and limitless storage Working Memory (Baddeley) a. Much more realistic (and complex) representation of STM b. Contains auditory and visual-spatial elements Encoding Information a. Events we notice and attend are encoded in working memory b. Further processing and rehearsing may encode info in long-term memory Automatic Processing a. Enormous amount of information is processed effortlessly i. Space ii. Time Effortful Processing a. Novel information committed to memory requires effort Maintenance (Rote) Rehearsal a. Repeating information to keep in working memory i. Memorization of facts ii. Once stop- generally goes away 1. Might get into LTM