University:
The University Of Western Ontario
Course:
Biology 2290F | Scientific Method in Biology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

379

Pages:

3
Author:

Kyuwon J.

Transmission of Rabies ● Bite of rabid animals shedding virus within their salvia ● Direct contact of infectious material in mucous membranes or skin lesions ○ Saliva ○ Cerebrospinal fluid ○ Nerve tissue ● The virus cannot penetrate intact skin Medical interventions ○ Pre-exposure vaccine ○ Post exposure vaccine ■ Clean wound ■ Previously unvaccinated ● Passive immunization with the hyperimmune globulin ● Immunization with rabies vaccine ● If no vaccine is available ○ Amputate or cauterize infected limb ■ Possible viral replication in muscle Rabis is preventable ● Dog vaccination ○ Owned dogs ○ Feral dog population ○ 70% of dogs vaccinated within a population ■ WHO goal of herd immunity ■ Rabs population dynamic suggest virus cannot persists in the population in the vaccinated level ● Post exposure prophylaxis ○ Often misdiagnosed as malaria ○ Patient appear with advanced disease Management of wildlife rabies in Canada ● 2000’s ○ Ontario Quebec and New Brunswick ■ Surveillance ,early detection areal distribution of bait containing oral vaccine ■ Eradicated raccoon strain rabies ○ Program diminish ○ Racoon rabies persisted in United states ■ Migrated northwards ● 2014 ○ Sporadic cases in New Brunswick 2015 Ontario and Quebec ○ Racoon rabies prevention and control program are now being reconstituted Global hotspots for emerging infectious diseases that originated fin wildlife ● Emergence of zoonotic pathogens of wildfief correlates with ○ Human density ○ Global distribution of wildlife biodiversity ● Hotspots are regions where human activity takes place against the background of the wildlife biodiversity along the microbial biodiversity Reservoir hosts for zoonotic disease ● Number of zoonotic virus are proportional to viral and host species richness ● Bats are not special in number of zoonotic viruses ○ >1400 bat species