University:
The University Of Western Ontario
Course:
Biology 2290F | Scientific Method in Biology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

387

Pages:

2
Author:

Kyuwon J.

Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes ● Prokaryotes ○ DNA located in nucleoid ○ DNA not associated into chromosomes ○ DNA circular ○ No organelles ○ No nuclear membrane ● Eukaryotes ○ Plasma membrane ○ DNA located in nucleus ○ Organelles present ■ Mitochondria ■ Cholooplasts ○ DNA into chromosome in nucleus ■ Organized ■ Chloroplast and mitochondria have circular DNA descendants of prokaryotes ○ DNA contained in mitochondria is different Division ● Prokaryotes divide through fission ○ DNA replicates => move ton one side of cell => cell starts to cleave ○ Will make identical 2 cells ● Eukaryotes ○ Why divide? ■ Larger the cell, more harder to maintain ● Massive nutrients are needed in cell but cannot be transported efficiently ● Interphase ○ Longest phase ○ Gets ready for replication ○ Normal girth ● G1 phase ○ Cells physically growing ● G0 phase ○ Cells no longer divide ○ It just stays in that phase ● S phase ○ DNA replications ● G2 phase ○ Cell continues on growing ○ Preparation for mitosis ○ Centrioles doubles into pairs ● Cell then will go under mitosis ● During embryogenesis cells are actively cycling ● Adults have ○ Majority of cell in G0 phases ○ Some cells constantly divides ■ Others usually enter cell cycle once activated ● Liver cell only enters cell cycle once activated by stimuli