Growthplate Fractures | Lecture Note - Edubirdie

University:
The University Of Western Ontario
Course:
Biology 2290F | Scientific Method in Biology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

249

Pages:

3
Author:

Kyuwon J.

● Cartilaginous structures in epiphysis and metaphysis ○ Site of longitudinal bone growth ■ Children and adolescents ○ Endochronal ossification ■ Replaced gradually by bone ■ This continues until full closure at skeletal maturity ● Resting Zone ○ Adjacent to epiphysis ○ Small scattered and round ○ Production of matrixes ○ Stem cell pools used for proliferations ○ Low oxy tensions with limited vascular supply ● Proliferative zones ○ Chondrocytes in longitudinal columns ○ Cell divisions ■ Mitotic activity increases ○ Lysosomal activity ■ Introduce calcifications ○ Cell will undergo apoptosis ● Hypertrophic Zones ○ Chondrocytes increase in size ■ 5X of size of proliferated cells ■ Reduction of intracellular matrix => glycogen depletions ■ Lysosomal enzyme activity increases => calcification starts ● Zone of provisional Calcifications ○ Matrix vesicle will release in calcium phosphates ○ Septa mineralizes ■ Longitudinal bars ■ Scaffolds on vascular invasions and ossifications Metaphysis ● Primary spongiosa ○ Calcification of cartilage scaffolds ● Secondary spongiosa ○ Mature trabecular bones Used for bone formations and remodeling, vascular invasions Peripheral Supporting structures ● Groove of Ranviers ○ Wedge shaped ring on cell ○ Resting zone margins ○ Support on circumferential ● Ring of La Croix ○ Fibrous sleeves in periosteum ○ Support on structure Blood supply ● Epiphyseal vessels ○ Arborize of proliferative zones ● Metaphyseal vessels ○ Invasion of hypertrophic zones ● Perichondral vessels ○ Minor contribution ○ Supplication in the periphery Clinical Correlations ● Growth plate injuries ○ Disruption in growth => angular deformities on limb length ● Metabolic disorder ○ Rickets => defective calcifications (in provisional zones) => growth disruptions ○ Achondroplasia => disorder of proliferative zone => shorter statures ● Orthopedic relevance ○ Growth plate biology ■ Critical in pediatric fractures ■ Deformality correction ■ Limb lengthening

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