Livestocks ● Veterinary anatomic pathology ○ Diagnosis of disease ■ Gross examination ● Necropsy ■ Microscopic examination ● Histopathology ○ Biopsy Livestocks define ● Domestic farm animals ○ Pigs ○ Cattles ○ Poultry ● Non-traditional livesocks ○ Reinbeer ○ Ostrich ○ Emu ● For food and fiber sources ○ Direct meta ○ Milk, eggs ○ Wools Inequity can be found world wide ● Around 1 Billion poor people depend on livestocks ● Around two third of the rural poor and one third of urban pood depend on livestocks ● Livestocks provide one fifth to one half of household income for the poor ● Poor countries livestocks provide form 6-36% of protein intake Same area hit by various diseases,political unreast and limited resources Hotspot poverty and livestock keeping ● Four countries have 44% of the worlds poor livestock keepers (rely heavily on livestocks but poor) ○ India ○ Nigeria ○ Ethiopia ○ Bangladesh ● Absolute numbers ○ India ○ Nigeria ○ Bangladesh ○ Congo ○ Pakistan ○ Kenya ○ Sudan ● High Density ○ South Asia ○ East africa highlands ○ Great lakes Cost of disease in livestocks ● Visible losses ○ Animal deaths ○ Illnesses ○ Stunting ○ Less production ● Invisible losses ○ Reduced fertility ○ Herd restructuring ■ Need to have higher proportion of animals in breeding groups Potential impacts of livestock losses ● Loss of food source ● Loss of income/livelihood