University:
Trinity College Dublin
Course:
TR053 | Physiotherapy
Academic year:

2024
Views:

259

Pages:

3
Author:

josee

MODULE 3 PHYSIOTHERAPY MANAGEMENT FOR SPINAL CORD INJURY CONDITIONS Spinal cord injury is trauma that causes damage to the spinal cord resulting incauses a decrease or disappearance of motor and sensory functions. For SCIhas different signs and symptoms according to each level.ASIA (American Spinal Cord Injury Association) Impairment Scale ▪ ASIA A:are SCI patients where there is no remaining motor and sensory function down to the lowest level (S4-S5). ▪ ASIA Bthe same as Frankel B, only added that there are still remaining functions from the S4-S5 segment ▪ ASIA Cif more than half of the muscle strength tested with MMT has a value of less than 3/5 ▪ ASIA D, as above but the muscle value is more than 3/5 ▪ ASIA Ewere CMS patients without any neurological deficits Physiotherapy Problems and Diagnosis Ft • Muscle weakness commensurate with the level of injury • Sensory disturbances according to the level of injury • Autonomic disorders (Blader & Bowel) • Limitation of daily functional activities (ADL) • There is functional impairment in walking activities due to muscle weakness, sensory impairment related to spinal cord injury A. Equipment Required 1. Mattress 2. Bed Treatment 3. Resistance Bands 4. Weights (Dumbells/Barbells) B. Practical Activities 1. Physiotherapy Intervention a. Maintain respiratory function ❖ Breathing Exercises ➢ Abdominal Breathing ➢ Diaphragm Breathing ➢ Force expiratory Passive Breathing ❖ Postural Drainage Plus clapping / vibration ❖ Huffing/Coughing ➢ Throws sputum out of the airway b. Stalling Tendon stretching of archiles, hamstrings, quadriceps, pectoralis, gluteus, SCM, uppertrapezius c. Strengthening and resilience Do exercises to strengthen the muscles of the limbs that are weak and still function normally with the technique • Assisted Active Movement • Assisted Resisted Active Movement • Free Active Movement • Resisted Active Movement d. Transfer Train to move from bed to wheelchair and vice versa e. Re-educate balance Practicing balance sitting on the edge of the bed, balance standing with assistive devices f. Reduces pressure -> pressure shore Practice positioning (right and left tilts alternately every 2 hours g. Maintain straight posture Correct posture when lying, sitting or standing h. Wheelchair skills Train to use a wheelchair on flat or non-flat places i. Walking training includes wearing splints/orthoses Train how to walk using a double axillary crutch, including when going up and down stairs