University:
Trinity College Dublin
Course:
TR053 | Physiotherapy
Academic year:

2024
Views:

296

Pages:

2
Author:

josee

What is meant by Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)? any training program Physiotherapy in TBI conditions? Traumatic Brain Injury is a form of trauma that can changethe brain's ability to produce physical, intellectual, emotional balance, disordersTrauma can cause changes in brain function. According to Brain Injury Association of America, head injuries are neither congenital nor degenerative, however caused by physical attacks/impacts from outside which can reduce or change awareness which causes damage to cognitive abilities and physical function. Physiotherapy for TBI patients is used in both acute and chronic conditions. Objective Physiotherapy in various stages of the condition are as follows: • Acute stage: Physiotherapy works together with the medical team and this is the stage the patient is in the ICU. Physiotherapy Goals: - Make position changes (positioning) Changing positions is very important for sufferers of Traumatic brain injury because paralysis or weakness in the legs will prevent changes in position. This change in position is intended for the patient to maintain length tissue and prevent decubitus. Dosage: Change this position every 2 hours. - Passive ROM: Passive is carried out to reduce immobilization complications with the aim of: Maintains the integrity of joints and soft tissues, minimizing the effects of their occurrence contracture, maintains muscle mechanical elasticity, helps circulation and dynamic vascularization, increasing synovial movement for cartilage nutrition and joint diffusion, reduces pain, helps the healing process after injury or surgery, helps maintain patient movement. Technique: Sleeping position supine, then the physiotherapist provides passive movements to the extremities. Dosage: Every day (15 to 30 repetitions). Positional drainage is performed without tilting the head, without or with suction to remove secretions (if there is no circulation). Exercise goals exercise is to increase weak diaphragm muscles, decreasing expansion thorax, decreased endurance and fatigue can hinder the therapy program. Therefore, exercises are needed to strengthen the diaphragm muscles, deep breathing exercise, and variations of exercise aimed at increasing capacity heart and lungs due to prolonged bed rest in traumatic brain injury patients. The breathing exercise technique follows the patient's chest movement pattern, and at the end Expiration is supplemented by vibration. So it helps stimulate muscle work breathing and reduces pulmonary secretions. Dosage: every day, 3x a day. - To record vital signs and assess the patient's level of consciousness periodically and to assist other medical personnel in assessing prognosis and planningfurther management. • Chronic stage: - To maintain muscles - To maintain strength, endurance - To improve body posture and balance - To restore function