University:
University of Virginia
Course:
PSYC 1010 | Introductory Psychology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

270

Pages:

2
Author:

Kayli N.

Unit 3 Chapter 11 Part 4 Humanistic Perspective (Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow) ● Self-Actualizing Tendency: the striving to fulfil one’s innate capabilities ● Self-Concept: based on what people are told by others and how sense of self (individual’s awareness of own personal characteristics and level of functioning) in the words and actions of important people in one’s life ○ Real Self: actual perception of characteristics, traits, abilities that form the basis of striving for self-actualization ○ Self-Actualization: ideal self that comes from important people in one’s life ○ These are like each other, people feel competent if both are fulfilled, but feel anxiety and neurotic behavior if these two are mismatched ■ Ex. Having a realistic view of real self, ideal self is attainable but when view of self is distorted, ideal self is impossible to attain = problems ■ As individual develops, looks for less approval from others ● Positive Regard: warm affection, love, and respect from significant others in life ○ Helps cope stress and strive for self-actualization ○ Unconditional Positive Regard: given without conditioned attached for people to fully explore what they can achieve and become ■ Ex. Person-centered therapy: therapist atmosphere for client ■ Ex. Parents giving child love no matter what career path she chooses ○ Conditional Positive Regard: given only when the person is doing what the providers of positive regard wish, depends on what those people want ■ Ex. Parents only giving child love if is doctor, so not free explore ● Fully Functioning Person: in touch with and trusting of deepest urges/feelings between real self and ideal self. Must need unconditional positive regard. Only then can reach goal of self-actualization (ex. Creative, autonomous, unprejudiced, trusted their true feelings and Intermost rather than just going with the crowd) Humanistic View of Personality Now ● Not taken into account negative aspects of human nature (sociopath, terrorism) ● Difficult to test scientifically, more of a philosophical view of behavior ● Development of therapies for self-growth and understanding of one-self Trait Theories: describing personality characteristics to predict future behavior ● Less concerned with changing personability, want to predict personality Gordon Allport: paired dictionary trait words with synonyms, believed these traits were wired into the nervous system to guide one’s behavior across many different situations that each person’s “constellation: of traits were unique Raymond Cattell: narrowed down the trait list ● Surface Traits: easily seen characteristics in the outward actions of a person ● Source Traits: basic traits that underlie the surface traits; forms personality core ● Introversion: people tend to withdraw from excessive stimulation ○ Shyness, quiet, disliking crowds (surface traits) ● Factor Analysis: looking for groups/commonalities in numerical data (statistical technique) ● The Sixteen Personality Factor (16PF): 16 source trait questionnaire that were seen as trait dimensions/continuums: 2 opposite traits at each end of the range that is measurable. “reserved” end (introverted) “outgoing” end (extroverted)