University:
University of Virginia
Course:
PSYC 1010 | Introductory Psychology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

482

Pages:

2
Author:

Kayli N.

Chapter 6 Part 1 Encoding: get in sensory info to be usable ● Ex. Transduction: hear sound, ears turn the air vibrations into neural messages from the auditory nerve, so brain interprets sound Storage: holding onto info for period of time (depends on what info for length) Retrieval: getting info out of storage to be used (hardest) Memory models: all used, no correct one Information-processing model: info processing for memory storage is similar to how a computer processes memory in 3 stages ● Assumes that length of memory storage depends on the state of memory it was stored at ● “Big picture view” of how the stages relate to one another Parallel Distributed Processing Model (PDP): memory process take place at the same time over a large network of neural connections ● A process for creation and memory storage across a series of mental networks stretched across the brain ● Simultaneous processing allows faster reactions and decisions ● Connections and timing of memory processes Levels of Processing Model: info is “deeply processed” for its meaning rather than the sound/characteristics of the word, will be remembered more efficiently and longer ● Ex. Think about how ball is used if asked to say it in a sentence but less complicated if just ask if it’s capital letters or lowercase ● Depth and strength of which info is processed Sensory Memory: very first system in memory, raw sense info is held for a brief time ● Entering nervous system through eyes, ears ● Ex. Like a brief open door that can see many objects but only some make it through ● Info is encoded in sensory memory as neural messages in nervous system ● Ex. Passing by a person but thinks afterward what color clothes were wearing ● “Double take” brief presence/memory of what saw Iconic sensory memory: visual sensory memory that lasts for less than a second ● Sperlings Memory Test: partial report method which showed a grid of letters but then sounded a tone. Then reported the letters corresponding to the tone in that row. The tone made more accurate results. If delayed tone, couldn’t do it Masking: old info replaced by new info in less than a second Eidetic imagery: ability to access a visual memory for more than 30 seconds ● Aka “photographic memory” is different than having very good memory ● Ex. Can read the words from a book even after it’s closed Microsaccades: little eye movements that keeps vision from adapting to constant stimuli ● Allows time to decide if info is important to be brought to conscious person ● Visual persistence: light sparklers form image that we see even after light is gone ● Constant eye movements into short 1/3 second vision memory so it can look at each photo eye captures to see what is important and throw out what’s not Echoic Memory: auditory sensory memory, last 2-4 seconds ● “what” phenomenon when multitasking, heard it but not comprehend it immediate ● Allows person to remember a question to recognize its meaning and reply