Chapter 11 Personality Theories Part 2

Chapter 11 Personality Theories Part 2 Psychosexual Stages: 5 personality and sexual development stages of a child (Freud) Fixation: disorder; person doesn’t resolve conflict in 1 psychosexual stage, results in personality traits/behavior associated with that earlier stage 1. Oral Stage (18 Mo): mouth is erogenous zone a. Weaning too early is primary conflict b. Can lead to smoking/drinking, pos/neg world view, charge/passive 2. Anal Stage (18-36 Mo): anus is erogenous zone a. Toilet training is primary conflict b. Sense of control, stubborn or willingness to get along, neat or messy c. Anal Expulsive Personality: rebels destructive and hostile, makes mess d. Anal Retentive Personality: terrified of making a mess so retain feces 3. Phallic Stage (3-6 Yrs): child discovers sexual feelings/awareness a. Fixation of immature sexual attitudes as adult, low self-worth “mama’s boy” b. Conscience through identification with same-sex parent, pride or humility c. Awakening of sexual curiosity and interest of gentials d. Castration Anxiety: Boys discover girls no have penis so fear of losing theirs e. Penis Envy: girls want a penis (male dominated society) f. Oedipus(M)/Electra(F) Complex: child has sexual attraction to opposite-sex parent and jealousy of same-sex parent, copies same behaviors 4. Latency Stage (6 Yrs to Puberty): sexual feelings are repressed while the child develops in other ways (intellect, physical, social) only play with same-sex a. Ability to get along with others 5. Genital Stage (Puberty On): sexual urges into conscious and moves toward adult social and sexual behavior as the body changes and becomes curious/attracted a. Immature or indiscrimate love, uncontrollable or inability to work Neo-Freudians: Followers of Freud who developed own competing psychodamic theories Jung: disagreed w/unconscious mind nature, believed held personal fears, urges, memory ● Personal Unconscious but also a Collective Unconscious: memories shared by all humans, a “species” memory of ancient fears, folktales, cultures ● Archetypes: universal human memories where anima is the female side, shadow is the male side (devil), and persona is the personality side shown to the world Alder: disagreed with sexual development importance, believed that young people develop inferiority feelings when comparing to superior adults, so people seek of pleasure of seeking superiority through the defense mechanism Compensation ● Birth order affected personality: firstborn feels inferior as others get all attention so tends to overcompensate by becoming overachievers. Middle feels superior to older but still dominates younger so they are competitive. Younger are pampered and protected so they feel inferior as they don’t have same freedom/responsibility Horney: disagreed with the M/F differences of penis envy, but believed of “womb envy” where men felt need to compensate their lack of childbearing for other success ● Personality was a product of dealing with anxieties during childhood ● Basic Anxiety: child anxiety when born into a powerful world of older child/adults ○ Those with loving parents overcame this, but less secure upbringings gave... ● Neurotic Personalities: maladaptive ways of dealing with relationships by moving toward people and becoming dependent and clingy while others become aggressive and demanding or withdrawal from personal relationships Erikson: disagreed from sex emphasis, emphasized importance of social relationships