Principles of Asepsis

SURGERY EXAM I SRINCIPLES OF ASEPSIS Definitions asepsis preventionofmicrobialcontamination ofIssue orsterilemateriale exclude remove or kill Rogers aspore aseptictechnique procedureperformed understerileconditions breaks the c antiseptic antimicrobialsubstancesappliedto livingtissue to possibilityofinfection disinfection clean destroy preventgrowth ofpathogenicorganisms Inanimateobjects doesnot kill all microorganisms sterilization mosteffectiveway to kill all forms of life cell injury infection multiplication ofinfectiousagentin bodytissue nocosomial infection result oftreatment in a hospital w in 48 hours of hospitalization w in 30days ofdischarge cycle of Infection susffpstfble i.ph 8frganism d 2 s.PE YH reseffff or 1 typicqknpgtreant suw8 at I It Pff 4 Fitness on 3 3 mainfactorsdetermine ifpathogencanestablishinfection susceptibility ofhost amount ofpathogen presence of all elementsofinfectioncycle Asepsis in surgery surgery robs patient ofprotective barrier SKIN givesmicroorganismsopportunity toinvadetissue source ofOrganisms exogenous operating room air instruments team endogenous patientsresidentflora mostimportantsource SurgicalSiteInfection SSI most common nocosomial infection bacterialdose understand virulence risk of ss resistance of host Trisk contaminate w 105microorganisms gram oftissue source ofpathogen is typicallyendogenous flora mucus membranes hollowviscera G1 definition purulentdischarge signsof inflammation Isolationof microorganismfrom wound Common Bacteria Staphylococcus sp E Coli Streptococcus sp Enterobacter sp Enterococcus sp try tokeepsurgery under60minutes I ii Clinicalsignificance of851 Mortals morbidity Poss canprogressto SIRS costly causeswidespreadsystemicreleaseofendogeno mediatorsofinflammation mops can lead to multipleorganfailure deathshock Rules ofSurgicalAsepsis properprep of facilities environment surgicalsite surgicalteam SystemicInflammatoryResponseSyndrome clinical state notdiseaseentity responseto an insult infectious or not most commonlyassociated w sepsis ia ftp.iaff surgicalequipment must wear properattire barrier betweenexogenoussources a patient handsclasped in front ofthe bodyabove waist mustbeable toseehands at alltimes gown is sterilefrom mid chestto waist anythingbelow waist is contaminated cannot seewhat is touched back notsterile minimize cross contamination surgicalteam members remain w in sterile area transfer of infectiondirectly orindirectlyfrom onepersonto another don't talk sneeze laugh orcoughoversterilefield minimize moistdroplets steriledrapesusedtocreatesterilefield waterproof once sterile drape is positioned do not move do not repositiontowel clamp steriletables only stable at table height edges are notsterile b c out of vision equipment must be sterile preventsource ofcontamination RulesofSurgicalAsepsis cont all items in sterile field must be sterile contaminationcan occurfrom moistureStrikthrou all items introduced to sterilefield should bedone so sterily edge ofsterilecontainers are notsterile onceopened suture blades gloves fluids once fluid cap is removed it cannot be replaced if sterile objecttouchessealingedge contaminated sealingedge is notsterile non scrubbed po donotreachoversterilefield dust.lint exfoliated skin Sterilefield should be maintained monitoredconstantly back is not sterile times scrubbed team membersfaceachother never turn your back k to back or front to front tefieldatill onsteriletrayorleaveitunatende .ba scrubbedpersonnel handleonlysterileitems nonscrubbed handle only non sterile a can becomecontaminated due to prolongedexposureto air scrubbedpersonnelshould remain in positiontheystarted thesurgery in startsitting remain sitting