Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration: A Review Guide

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Review 1. Write the overall balanced equation for photosynthesis. 2. Write the overall balanced equation for cellular respiration. 3. Be able to label the parts to a chloroplast (inner & outer membrane, thylakoid, stroma, granum). State where each of the following occur: 4. light-dependent reactions – 5. light-independent reactions – 6. glycolysis – 7. anaerobic respiration a. anaerobic respiration / fermentation – b. aerobic respiration / Krebs cycle – Explain the difference in meaning between each of the following pairs of terms: 8. autotroph, heterotroph 9. herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, decomposer 10. glycolysis, fermentation 11. aerobic, anaerobic 12. Energy flows through living systems from a. the sun to heterotrophs and then to autotrophs b. autotrophs to the environment and then to heterotrophs c. the sun to autotrophs and then to heterotrophs d. the environment to heterotrophs and then to autotrophs 13. The products of photosynthesis that begin cellular respiration are a. organic compounds and oxygen c. NADPH and ATP b. carbon dioxide and water d. ATP and water 14. The thylakoid membranes of a chloroplast are the sites where a. electron transport chains operate c. pigments are located b. NADPH and ATP are produced d. all of the above 15. The electron transport chains of photosynthesis produce a. pyruvate b. water c. glucose d. ATP and NADPH 16. The oxygen produced during photosynthesis comes directly from the a. mitochondrial membranes c. splitting of carbon dioxide molecules b. splitting of water molecules d. absorption of light 17. Which of the following is the correct pairing of a process and its need for oxygen a. glycolysis: no oxygen required c. Krebs cycle: no oxygen required b. fermentation: oxygen required c. none of the above 18. Aerobic respiration involves all of the following EXCEPT a. glycolysis b. the Krebs cycle c. mitochondria d. ATP 19. Most of the ATP made during cellular respiration is produced in a. glycolysis b. the Calvin cycle c. mitochondria 20. When cells break down glucose, they release a. pigments b. CO2 c. O2 d. light 21. Phosphorylation occurs when a. a phosphate group is added to a molecule b. a phosphate group is removed from a molecule 22. The products of photosynthesis are a. glucose and O2 b. CO2 and H2O 23. A reactant used in the Calvin cycle is a. H2O b. glucose c. CO2 d. fermentation c. water is split d. O2 is formed d. RuBP and H+ c. ATP and H2O d. citric acid 24. The maximum number of ATP molecules produced by aerobic respiration is a. 38 b. 36 c. 34 d. 4 25. Which of the following is a product of the Calvin cycle? a. carbon dioxide b. NADP+ c. oxygen d. FADH2 26. __________ processes require oxygen, whereas __________ processes do not. a. anaerobic – aerobic c. photolysis – aerobic b. aerobic – anaerobic d. aerobic – respiration 27. Four molecules of glucose would give a net yield of how many ATP following glycolysis? a. 8 b. 16 c. 4 d. 12 28. Which molecule provides the most accessible source of energy for cell organelles? a. glucose b. ATP c. starch d. carbon dioxide 29. When yeast ferments the sugar in a bread mixture, what is produced that causes the bread to rise? a. oxygen b. water c. ethyl alcohol d. carbon dioxide 30. Plants must have a constant supply of ____________ for photosynthesis. 31. ____________________ is the first molecule to provide electrons for photosynthesis. 32. _______________ is the process by which electrons are restored to chlorophyll after photosynthesis. 33. In fermentation, pyruvic acid can form __________________ or __________________ in addition to NAD+. 34. ATP stores energy because the three _______________ have a negative charge and they ____________ each other. Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Review Answers 1. 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy (sun) ⎯⎯→ C6H12O6 + 6O2 2. C6H1206 + 6O2 ⎯⎯→ 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy 3. see diagram in notes 4. thylakoid membranes 5. stroma 6. cytoplasm 7. cytoplasm 8. mitochondrion 9. An autotroph uses the energy in sunlight or inorganic substances to make organic compounds. A heterotroph must eat food (other organisms) to get energy. 10. Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration. When oxygen is not present, fermentation recycles NAD+, allowing glycolysis to continue. 11. Aerobic refers to a metabolic process that requires oxygen. Anaerobic refers to a process that does not require oxygen. 12. C the sun to autotrophs and then to heterotrophs 13. A organic compounds and oxygen 14. D all of the above 15. D ATP and NADPH 16. B splitting of water molecules 17. A glycolysis: no oxygen required 18. A glycolysis 19. C mitochondria 20. B CO2 21. A a phosphate group is added to a molecule 22. A glucose and O2 23. C CO2 24. A 38 25. B NADP+ 26. B aerobic – anaerobic 27. A 8 28. B ATP 29. D carbon dioxide 30. carbon dioxide 31. chlorophyll 32. photolysis 33. lactic acid; ethyl alcohol 34. phosphates; repel