Innate Immunity I

Innate Immunity I Barrier Defenses Three Jobs of the Innate Immune System physical and chemical barriers to infection cellular responses to infection activation of adaptive immune system Physical and Chemical Barriers skin mouth stomach small intestine large intestine airway/lungs urogenital tract salivary, lacrimal, and mammary glands Barrier Immunity = Innate Immunity The Microbiome microbiome a collection of microorganisms that inhabit a body found in the gut but they can be found everywhere microorganisms have a symbiotic relationship with their host aid in many physiological functions metabolism function of nervous system mental health you are what you eat microbes aid in digestion AND there is evidence of communication between metabolism and the nervous system immune system microorganisms have many complex roles colonization resistance: microorganisms take up all of the space/nutrients so that nothing else can get in Image Description: The image contains handwritten notes and diagrams related to the innate immune system. The notes are organized into two sections: Barrier Defenses and The Microbiome. Anti-Microbial Peptides and Proteins exist mostly at barrier regions only need to know defensins, lysozyme, lactoferrin, surfactant proteins understand mechanism of action Lysozyme: cleaves B-1,4 glycosidic bonds (bands between sugars) -exist in gram (+) and gram (-) bacteria cleavage removes cell wall, making the bacteria more susceptible to damage/death defensins: defensins amphipathic molecules that embed in the microbial membrane, creating pores and disrupting membrane integrity have both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic component helps them embed themselves in membrane can target microbes and microbial toxins two major types defensins. why do defensins Not distupt our cell membranes? B- defensins our cells have enzymes called Flippases which flip the position of the phospholipids on the cell membrane, helping the cell to evade defensins. 000000000000 00000000000 00000 00000 lactoferins: gets rid of pathogens by sequestering iron/other important molecules that the pathogen needs to divide Stealing its material Surfactant proteins: make the surface of mucosal epithelial non-sticky and decrease surface tension