University:
Stanford University
Course:
MED 101 | Human Anatomy
Academic year:

2024
Views:

227

Pages:

1
Author:

larbi43100

‭SCHIZOPHRENIA‬ ‭Definition‬ ‭ he definition of schizophrenia(s) is far from unanimous (some psychiatrists‬ T ‭even deny its existence), but almost all agree on the fact that it is a psychosis.‬ ‭With this reservation, we will note that the term schizophrenia (formerly dementia‬ ‭praecox) covers a group of chronic conditions, heterogeneous from the semiological and‬ ‭etiological points of view, characterized by psychotic symptoms evolving towards a‬ ‭progressive dissociation of the personality (the term, created by Bleuler in 1911, in fact‬ ‭means “I divide” [Gr. schizô] and “spirit” [Gr. phrên]).‬ ‭ lthough many hypotheses may seem attractive, the pathophysiology of schizophrenia‬ A ‭remains unknown.‬ ‭Epidemiology‬ I‭ n the United States, acute episodes of schizophrenia result in 300,000 hospitalizations‬ ‭per year and generate costs (direct or indirect) of more than $6.3 billion.‬ ‭Prevalence‬‭-Schizophrenia affects 1% of the world's population. The risk of developing‬ ‭the disease in one's lifetime is 1 to 1.5%.‬ ‭ ge at diagnosis‬‭-The disease most often begins in late adolescence or in young adults,‬ A ‭that is to say between 15 and 35 years old.‬ ‭Sex ratio‬‭-It is approximately 1.‬ ‭ ocio-economic factors‬‭-Contrary to what has long been assumed, social level does not‬ S ‭modify the prevalence of the disease. On the other hand, changes in social environment‬ ‭(migration, urbanization) seem to be potential triggering factors.‬ ‭Main risk factors‬‭-The main risk factors are:‬ -‭ ‬ g ‭ enetic vulnerability;‬ ‭-‬ ‭early attacks during development (prenatal nutritional deficits? Rhesus incompatibility?‬ ‭Perinatal hypoxia?);‬ ‭-‬ ‭birth during the winter months (exposure to the influenza virus in the second trimester of‬ ‭pregnancy?);‬ ‭-‬ ‭advanced age of parents;‬ ‭-‬ ‭cannabis consumption.‬