Regulation of Breathing.

University:
Stanford University
Course:
MED 101 | Human Anatomy
Academic year:

2024
Views:

262

Pages:

1
Author:

larbi43100

‭REGULATION OF BREATHING.‬ ‭ he‬ ‭main‬ ‭function‬ ‭of‬ ‭the‬ ‭lung‬ ‭is‬ ‭to‬ ‭provide‬ ‭us‬ ‭with‬ ‭O2‬ ‭and‬ ‭release‬ ‭CO2‬ T ‭according‬‭to‬‭the‬‭body's‬‭demands‬‭to‬‭maintain‬‭normal‬‭PaO2,‬‭PaCO2‬‭and‬‭pH‬ ‭levels.‬ ‭We‬ ‭will‬ ‭therefore‬ ‭have‬ ‭a‬ ‭variation,‬ ‭a‬ ‭modification‬ ‭of‬ ‭breathing‬ ‭which will vary the amplitude and its rhythm according to demands.‬ ‭ t‬‭rest,‬‭we‬‭ventilate‬‭little‬‭but‬‭during‬‭exercise‬‭we‬‭ventilate‬‭more.‬‭We‬‭then‬ A ‭say‬ ‭that‬ ‭we‬ ‭are‬ ‭hyperventilating.‬ ‭This‬ ‭hyperventilation‬ ‭is‬ ‭due‬ ‭to‬ ‭three‬ ‭basic elements which come into play in the regulation of breathing:‬ ‭⮚‬ ‭the receptors: they collect information (=stimuli) and transmit‬ ‭the information.‬ ‭⮚‬ ‭the‬‭respiratory‬‭centers:‬‭they‬‭coordinate‬‭the‬‭information‬‭received‬‭by‬ ‭the receptors and send impulses to the respiratory muscles.‬ ‭⮚‬ ‭The effectors: these are the respiratory muscles (contraction –‬ ‭relaxation – breathing).‬ ‭ here‬‭is‬‭nervous‬‭control‬‭of‬‭breathing.‬‭This‬‭nervous‬‭control‬‭comes‬‭from‬‭the‬ T ‭respiratory‬‭centers.‬‭There‬‭are‬‭three‬‭respiratory‬‭centers‬‭(at‬‭the‬‭level‬‭of‬‭the‬ ‭brainstem):‬ ‭⮚‬ ‭The bulbar center‬ ‭⮚‬ ‭The apneustics center‬ ‭⮚‬ ‭The pneumotaxic center‬ ‭ hese‬ ‭three‬ ‭centers‬ ‭define‬ ‭the‬ ‭rhythm‬ ‭and‬ ‭amplitude‬ ‭of‬ ‭breathing‬ ‭by‬ T ‭sending‬ ‭nerve‬ ‭impulses‬ ‭to‬ ‭the‬ ‭respiratory‬ ‭muscles.‬ ‭These‬ ‭respiratory‬ ‭muscles‬ ‭will‬ ‭therefore‬ ‭contract‬ ‭or‬‭relax‬‭thanks‬‭to‬‭stimuli‬‭which‬‭are‬‭central‬ ‭and‬ ‭humoral‬ ‭(comes‬ ‭from‬ ‭chemical‬ ‭modification).‬ ‭There‬ ‭are‬ ‭actually‬ ‭several changes that can cause hyperventilation.‬