Flame Ionization Detector

Most common type , universal detector capable of measuringthe presence of almost any organic and many viorganicCompoundignit orledprocess :-outletmeasures the patn of ionswhen a Solute is burned inair-Amplifierflame.lons are collected at anH2Flameelectiode to createasupplycurrentCarries gasIf has a min detection quartity of the order 5x10 12 g8', a liviarrarge of 10 and an upper temp limit of 400°C A mixture of H2and air is introduced into the delector to give a flame thejet of which forms electrode while the other electrode is a brass or platinum were mounted near the up of the llameAdvantages:-Disodvantageuniversaldestructive detectorMP impurities not detectedCarries gast 11 11limit of detection : FID is 10008 better than TODlenear a dynamic range bettu than TCD3Nitrogen phosphorus detector :-used for detecting N2 / P containing cmpds.A 150 known as alkali flame ionization detector / thermianicProcess :-Basic principles as FID , measures production of ions wher aSolute is burned r a flame.ions are collected at an electrocle to create a currentContains a small ant of alkali metal vapor in the flameenhance the formation of ions from N2 - P containg empdsIt has a crystal of a Na salt fused ontotheelectrode System or a burner trip epp embeddedincramictube containing a Na salt or a rubidium chloride trip tip.Liniciety (105) upper Temp limit ( 300°0). are not quite asgood as an FID but its detection limit (10th 951) isbetter. used in orgarophosphorus pesticide residueanalysisIIAdvantage :zalkalibeeduseful for environmental texingelectroctsdetection of orgerophosphate pericida)airH2coluffet useful for drug analysis(detumiration of anrie - containing 1 basic dwgs)carris gas ay MP impubater won't detect500x bettu than FID.More sensitive to other heterocompounds Such as sufer -, -halogen - E arsenic - containing molecules.Disadwartagedestructive detector.NPD is lew sessitive to organic compels comparedto FID.toElection capture detectorRadiation - basedSelective for compds containing e atoms such as halog ers.Process :-Based on the capture of c by electronegative atoms in amolecule.Elections all produced by ionization of the eaviergas with a racioactive source 3H or '3NiIn the absence of solute Sleady Stuam of these e isproducede go to collector electiode where they produceacircuitCompounds with eledionegative you atomscaptureelections , reducing currentElectrodemake up6 Sni Foilgascolumneluent Advantage:-useful 4 environmental testingdelection of chlorinated pesticides / hubicibesnA polynullar cuomaticu 11 organometallic compds.Selective for halogen (1,Br, cl,F) nets o cy sulfurcontaining empds.delics polynuclear alomatic cmpds, arhydride andconjugated carbonyl compounds.This responds to only to analytes that capture e, particularlyhalogen Containing cmpds widely used in the analysis ofpolychlarisated cmpds such as the pesticides atablur. o High sensitivity (10 13 g S 1) upper Temp limit (300'C)linear range (102 - 104) lower than FID. It works by means ofradioactive source (63ni) ionising the causes gas Cy relaingan election that gives a current across the electiodes whena duitable voltage is applied. when the e -capluing analyteemerges frm the column , the ionised e are captured, thecurrent drops and this change in current is recorded. Theeavier gas most commonly used in conjugation with EOD isN2 or an aug on +5% methare mixture.