1. SCV ● After invasion Salmonella will form SCV ○ Avoids lysosomal degradation ○ Recruits LAMP 1 (triangle) ● Maturation of SCV will diverge into classical endosomal pathway 2. Type 3 Secretion system (T3SS) ● Salmonella uses T3SS-1 invasion + T3SS-2 intracellular survival ○ Injects bacterial effector proteins to host cytoplasm ○ Manipulate vesicle trafficking +immune evasion 3. Host ● SCV associate occurs ○ Microtubules ○ Golgi apparatus ○ Mitorchondira ■ More dominant in Legioella interaction ● Recruits proteins to assist manipulation of actin cytoskeletons ○ LAMP 1 ○ Rab GTPase 4. Avoidance of Autophagy ● SCV will not colocalize LC3 ○ Marker autophagosomes ○ Unlike Coxiella CCV ● Salmonella uses SopB SifA to prevent autophagic recognitions ○ Other effectors are also used Pathogen Compartment Key Feature(s) Autophagy Interaction Chlamydia Inclusion Inc proteins recruit host factors, avoid lysosomes No LC3 colocalization Orientia Cytosolic or vesicular Traffics along microtubules Not fully detailed Legionella LCV Hijacks ER-derived vesicles and mitochondria No LC3 colocalization Coxiella CCV Acidic, LAMP1+, LC3+ = autophagosome-like Yes (LC3 colocalized) Brucella aBCV (acidic) → rBCV Matures in ER-like compartment Avoids autophagy Salmonella SCV LAMP1+, avoids fusion with lysosomes Avoids LC3 labeling ● SCV ○ Salmonella Safe Condo ■ Lysosome avoidance ■ Recruitment of LAMP 1 ○ Essential for virulence in Salmonellosis ○ T3SS targeting is used for therapeutic interventions ■ SCV also ● LAMP 1 ○ Softens the vacuoles for replications ○ Not used for destruction of vacuoles ● Effector soups ○ Survival tactics ■ T3SS delivers Proteins = reprograms the host