Major Depressive Disorder - Edubirdie

University:
The University Of Western Ontario
Course:
Pathology 3500B | Human Pathology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

242

Pages:

2
Author:

Kyuwon J.

Major Depressive Disorder ● Mental health disorder ○ Persistent feeling of sadness ○ Loss of interest ○ Impaired daily functioning ● Smx present for at least two weeks ○ Must affect social occupational ○ Affect personal functioning Cause ● Combination of biological,psychological and environmental factors ○ Biological factor ■ Imbalance in neurotransmitter ● Serotonin ● Norepinephrine ● Dopamine ■ Genetic predisposition ○ Psychological factors ■ Chronic stress ■ Trauma ■ Negative thinking pattern ○ Environmental factors ■ Loss of loved one ■ Financial difficulties ■ Social isolation R ● FHx on depression ● Chronic medical illness ● Use of substance ● Life stressors ● Previous depression Cx ● Persistent sadness/low mood ● Loss of interest in activity ○ Anhedonia ● Fatigue/low energy ● Sleep disturbance ○ Insomnia ○ Hypersomnia ● Change in appetite/weight ● Feeling of guilt/worthlessness Ptn may have suicidal thoughts = need immediate Mx attention Dx ● Based on Cx evaluation and Dx criteria ○ Smx guidelines ■ Last 2w ■ Depressed mood/loss of interest ■ Significant impairment in daily function ● Questionnaire (PHQ-9) are used oftenly Tx ● Psychotherapy ○ Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) ○ Interpersonal therapy ● Medication ○ Antidepressant ■ Fluoxetine ■ Sertraline ■ Escitalopram ○ Assist in regulating brain neurotransmitter Complications ● Untreated MDD could lead to various complications ○ Abuse of substance ○ Social withdrawal ○ Physical health impact ○ Risk in suicide

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