Cell and Microrganisms

Review Cells and Microorganisms Name: 1. Date: Which structure is outside the nucleus of a cell and contains DNA? A. chromosome B. C. mitochondrion D. vacuole 4. gene Depending on its electric charge, shape, and chemical properties, a substance may or may not be allowed to pass through a cell membrane. This function of the cell membrane is important because it . A. prevents cell division B. prevents destruction of the cell wall C. allows the cell to maintain homeostasis D. allows amino acids to move into and out of the cell 2. Which statement about plant and animal cells is true? A. Plant cells have a nucleus and a cell wall; animal cells do not have either of these structures. B. Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts; animal cells do not have either of these structures. C. Plant cells have a cell wall and a cell membrane; animal cells have a cell wall but not a cell membrane. 5. D. Plant cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria; animal cells have chloroplasts but do not have mitochondria. 3. 6. Which structure is responsible for allowing materials into and out of an animal cell? A. Nucleus B. Cell wall C. Mitochondrion D. Cell membrane page1 The starch and water molecules in potato cells are stored in what organelle? A. mitochondrion B. nucleus C. ribosome D. vacuole Which cellular organelle uses oxygen and glucose to provide energy to the cell? A. mitochondrion B. nucleus C. ribosome D. vacuole 7. The diagram below shows a cell. 10. 11. Where would this cell most likely be found? 8. A. bark B. frog C. leaf D. mushroom cells B. C. organs D. tissues 12. nuclei 13. 9. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell? A. to store the genetic instructions needed to specify traits B. to release energy by breaking down food molecules C. to transport nutrients into and out of the cell A. cell membrane B. cell wall C. mitochondrion D. nucleus How is a skin cell from a mouse similar to an amoeba? A. Both need energy. B. Both have cell walls. C. Both move with pseudopodia. D. Both consume carbon dioxide. What are the basic structural units of living organisms? A. Which of the following structures is not present in animal cells? Substances enter any plant or animal cell by passing through which of the following structures? A. nucleus B. cell membrane C. vacuole D. chloroplast A student prepared the following list of characteristics about a cellular organelle. present in animal cells present in plant cells helps make energy available to the cell Which of the following cellular structures is the student describing? D. to protect the cell from microorganisms page2 A. cell wall B. chloroplast C. mitochondrion D. nucleus Review Cells and Microorganisms 14. A cell has a defect that results in the loss of its ability to regulate the passage of water, food, and wastes into and out of the cell. In which of the following cell structures is this defect most likely to be located? A. ribosomes B. chloroplasts C. cell membrane 17. Which of the following statements best identi es these two cells? D. endoplasmic reticulum 15. The cells use more energy. B. The cells store more nutrients. C. The cells degrade more proteins. A. Cell X is a prokaryotic cell and cell Y is a eukaryotic cell. B. Cell X is an archae cell and cell Y is a eubacterial cell. C. Cell X is a red blood cell and cell Y is a muscle cell. D. Cell X is a plant cell and cell Y is an animal cell. Some cells, such as human nerve and muscle cells, contain many more mitochondria than do other cells, such as skin cells. Why do some cells have more mitochondria than others? A. The illustrations below represent two di erent cells. D. The cells divide more frequently. 18. 16. A biologist looks at an organism through a microscope. Which of the following observations tells the biologist that the organism is eukaryotic? A. The organism is unicellular. Which of the following is a main function of the cell wall? B. The organism moves with agella. C. The organism has a cell membrane. A. to store carbohydrates for later use B. to give the cell a rigid structure D. The organism has membrane- bound organelles. C. to package proteins for export D. to carry out photosynthesis page3 Review Cells and Microorganisms 19. A diagram of a plant cell is shown below. 22. 23. Which number identi es the organelle that functions to store water and dissolved salts? A. 20. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 A. chloroplast B. lysosome C. mitochondria D. nucleus What is true about all living cells? A. They need sunlight for energy. B. They can make their own food. C. They grow and divide to make more cells. Which of the following describes plant cells but not animal cells? A. The nucleus contains the chromosomes. B. The ribosomes assist in protein synthesis. C. Plastids store starch made during photosynthesis. 24. D. Mitochondria produce energy through respiration. 21. Which structure is primarily responsible for directing all processes of a plant cell? A student is looking at a picture of a cell taken through a microscope. The presence of which of the following would indicate that the cell is eukaryotic? A. cytoplasm B. C. nucleus D. plasma membrane How are plant and animal cells similar? A. They both have agella. B. They both have a nucleus. C. They both have an eyespot. D. They both have chloroplasts. DNA page4 Review Cells and Microorganisms 25. 27. This diagram shows a Euglena and a Paramecium. Both are types of plants. B. Both have a cell wall to maintain their structure. C. Both have structures that aid them in movement. 28. D. Both must produce their own food in order to live. 29. 26. A. are much smaller. B. have permeable membranes. C. have a higher rate of reproduction. D. have nuclei. Euglena and Paramecium are similar in which way? A. Eukaryotic cells are di erentiated from prokaryotic cells because eukaryotic cells Which of the cells characterized in the chart below is a prokaryotic cell? A cell from heart muscle would probably have an unusually high proportion of A. lysosomes. B. mitochondria. C. mRNA. D. Golgi bodies. Use the diagrams below of an animal cell and a plant cell to answer the following question. Features of plant cells that clearly make them di erent from animal cells are A. Cell A B. Cell B A. a larger nucleus and fewer chromosomes. C. Cell C D. Cell D B. a rigid cell wall and chloroplasts. C. more cytoplasm and smaller vacuoles. D. a changing size and inde nite shape. page5 Review Cells and Microorganisms 30. Which cell part is correctly matched to its function? A. chloroplast—controls cell division B. mitochondrion—releases energy C. cell membrane—contains genetic code 32. Use the information and the diagrams below to answer the following question(s). A student observed di erent types of cells under a microscope. Four of the cells he observed are shown below. D. ribosome—makes sugar Cell 4 has many hair-like structures that it uses for movement. What are these structures called? 31. Refer to the diagram below of the single-celled, eukaryotic organisms to answer the following question(s). 33. A. cilia B. agella C. vacuoles D. pseudopodia Which organism has only one cell? A. B. C. Euglena uses which of these to move? A. cilia B. a vacuole C. a agellum D. pseudopodia D. page6 Review Cells and Microorganisms 34. The diagram below shows an amoeba performing a function necessary for life. Which function is shown in the diagram? A. collecting food B. excreting wastes C. making food D. destroying wastes page7 Review Cells and Microorganisms