Human Body EOG Review

The Human Body - Common Exam Review Name: 1. Date: Which list shows di erent levels or organization within a population ordered from least to most complex? A. organ systems, organs, organelles, organisms B. organelles, organs, organ systems, organisms C. organisms, organ systems, organs, organelles 3. D. organs, organelles, organisms, organ systems What is the signi cance of a major loss of blood on the human body? Explain your answer fully. 2. A patient su ering from a sore throat goes to a doctor in a hospital to get a check-up. During the exam the doctor collects the following information: 4. The students in an engineering class built a robot that stacks wooden blocks. A built-in computer controls the movement of the robot. The computer in the robot performs a function most similar to which part of the human body? A. lungs B. heart C. brain D. arms The doctor strikes the patient's knee with a small rubber hammer and observes the reaction. The doctor is checking the . A. nervous system B. muscular system C. circulatory system D. skeletal system 5. page 1 Which body system's primary function is the continuation of the species? A. digestive B. nervous C. excretory D. reproductive 6. 7. In the human body, which system functions primarily to defend the body against disease? A. digestive B. C. nervous D. respiratory 8. The diagram below shows a major system of the human body. immune The numbered drawings below show the organization within a multicellular organism from simple to complex. Which of the following best describes the function of this system? A. absorbing nutrients from food B. protecting the body from infection C. exchanging gases with the environment D. responding to stimuli in the environment 9. 1 B. 2 C. 3 A. to digest proteins B. to absorb nutrients C. to break down complex carbohydrates D. to remove water from undigested waste Which of these numbered drawings represents a tissue? A. What is the primary function of the large intestine? D. 4 10. page 2 Capillaries are part of which body system? A. skeletal system B. nervous system C. digestive system D. circulatory system The Human Body - Common Exam Review 11. Which of the following is one of the functions of the human skeleton? A. producing hormones B. bringing gases into the body C. removing waste from the body 15. D. providing a site for blood cell formation When Lance goes jogging, his heart rate increases to pump blood faster and supply his muscles with more oxygen. Which of the following helps to maintain homeostasis in response to this increase in heart rate? A. an increase in digestion B. an increase in respiration C. a decrease in perspiration D. a decrease in bone growth 12. Which of the following is the best example of an organism maintaining homeostasis? A. a wolf panting after a chase B. a spider catching an insect in a web C. a cricket becoming infected by a virus 16. D. a mole digging tunnels in the ground 13. 14. Which of the following body systems is responsible for receiving stimuli from the environment and coordinating the body's response to these stimuli? A. respiratory system B. nervous system C. digestive system D. circulatory system Which of the following is the basic structural unit of the nervous system? A. axon B. C. red blood cell D. white blood cell 17. neuron The cells of the nasal cavity and the trachea are lined with cilia. Which of the following describes a purpose of the cilia? A. to cool air that is entering the respiratory system B. Which of the following organs removes extra water from the blood to keep the amount of uid in the bloodstream at the proper level? to help move trapped particles out of the respiratory system C. to help produce sound as air moves out of the respiratory system A. kidneys B. D. to increase the surface area for gas exchange in the respiratory system C. pancreas D. stomach liver page 3 The Human Body - Common Exam Review 18. Which of the following is a body system response that adjusts body temperature when it is higher than normal? A. Breathing rate begins to decrease. B. Blood vessels near the skin constrict. C. Sweat glands produce and secrete sweat. 22. D. Hormones increase the metabolic rate of the liver. 19. The structure of the digestive tube in the grasshopper and earthworm consists of many folds. The folds a ect the e ciency of food absorption by which of the following functions? A. increasing surface area B. reducing transpiration C. increasing hormone secretion D. reducing storage of sugar 23. Heartburn is pain that occurs when acidic gastric juice is forced out of the upper end of the stomach. In which of the following organs does a person experience heartburn? Which two systems primarily function to rid the human body of the wastes resulting from cellular energy production? A. excretory and skeletal systems A. pancreas B. esophagus B. nervous and endocrine systems C. small intestine D. large intestine C. circulatory and digestive systems D. respiratory and circulatory systems 20. Which of the following is a function of the liver? A. removing toxic compounds from the blood B. secreting digestive enzymes into the stomach C. producing white blood cells to ght infections 24. D. converting food into smaller nutrient molecules 21. by decreasing blood pressure B. by causing mutations in cells C. by irritating the respiratory tract A. They control sensory input using nerve cells. B. They conduct chemical digestion using hormones. C. They remove waste from blood using ltration structures. D. They exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide using capillaries. How does exposure to cigarette smoke contribute to an asthma attack? A. Which is a primary function that kidneys perform for the excretory system? 25. Which structure completes the circulatory pathway? heart ! artery ! ? ! vein ! heart D. by reducing insulin levels page 4 A. aorta B. atrium C. ventricle D. capillary The Human Body - Common Exam Review 26. Which sequence shows the pathway that food takes in the digestive system? A. stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine B. esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine C. stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine 31. The diagram below shows a human heart. D. esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine 27. 28. 29. 30. Which of the following is a harmful waste material that leaves the blood and travels through the lungs before leaving the body? When contracted, the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body. What is the purpose of the aortic valve that separates the left ventricle from the aorta? A. A. to prevent blood from owing back into the left ventricle B. to prevent blood from owing into the aorta C. to push blood into the left ventricle CO2 B. O2 C. H2 O D. NaCl Where does oxygen-rich blood go after leaving the lungs? A. the brain B. C. the kidney D. the stomach D. to push blood into the aorta the heart 32. Hummingbirds need large amounts of energy to ap their wings between 60 and 200 times per second. Their wings beat so rapidly that it is di cult to see them move. They often appear suspended in air for extended periods of time without changing their location. Hummingbirds have long bills and grooved tongues to reach into owers to feed on ower nectar. They also feed on insects. The digestion process begins in which of the following? A. large intestine B. C. small intestine D. stomach Use the information below to answer the following question(s). mouth Which of the following pairs provides structural support for a human? The body system most directly interacting with the skeletal system to enable hummingbirds to beat their wings between 60 and 200 times per second is the A. skin and blood B. A. digestive system B. C. spine and heart D. brain and nerves C. endocrine system D. circulatory system bones and muscles page 5 muscular system The Human Body - Common Exam Review 33. Use the information and the diagram below to answer the following question(s). 34. Arteriosclerosis is a disease which clogs arteries in the human body. In arteriosclerosis, artery walls become thick. Fatty deposits build up on inner walls of arteries. This condition reduces the ability of arteries to perform their function. The diagram below shows a comparison between a healthy artery and one with arteriosclerosis. COMPARISON OF TWO ARTERIES Healthy Artery Lou Gehrig's disease disrupts the function of motor neurons (nerve cells) that control the movement of limbs and other body parts. Which body system is most likely to be directly a ected by this disease? A. the endocrine system B. the digestive system C. the circulatory system D. the muscular system Artery With Arteriosclerosis Which body function is most a ected by arteriosclerosis? A. circulating blood to tissues B. assembling amino acids into proteins C. replacing damaged cells with new cells 35. D. breaking down food particles into molecules page 6 A single-celled organism, such as the amoeba, uses its cell membrane to take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. Which organ system in humans has the same function as the cell membrane of the amoeba? A. circulatory B. digestive C. nervous D. respiratory The Human Body - Common Exam Review I. Answer: 8 A,1\:-,w('r; A ,. J. 4, A11.,;wtr: s. C A11swo:r: D 6. J\11.'>l'.'tl: " A11.w,·i'r: A '· 8, All.'>WCI: C •• AnSl'.'('f: 0 10. /1,11.w,Cr: D Ausw('.r: D "· 1i A11.,;wtr: A 13, All!l'.'tl: A u. J5, A11.'lwtr: 16. Al1$Wt'f: 17. Am:wcr: 18. Answc,: 19, • B B C Answer: B 2� A1�'!Wt'f: A 21. Answer: ·� C Ausw('.I: D 26. An�wcr: D 27. Am>wer: A .n. A11.w,C,: A 34. Answer: D '.'i. Answ(;t: D ♦