University:
York University
Course:
SC/BIOL 3120 | Immunobiology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

473

Pages:

2
Author:

Niklas

Antigen Receptor Genetics and Lymphocyte Genetics General Biology Review The Central Dogma of Biology CON manother DNA (nucleic acids) RNA (nucleic acids) Trambon gene expression: DNA is used as a template to form RIVA RNA is used as a template to form proteins NOT converting "blue prints" for formation PROTEIN (amino acids) DNA RIVA remove introns, leave exons regions of the gene that code coding region -Receptors of the innate immunity are encoded by the germline why ass teceptors/molecules of the adoptive immune system Nol encoded by the germline! Review of Genetic Code genetic code the way the 9 bases of DWA (A,B,C.T) are strung together for cellular machinery to read Coden 3 nucleotides in a row that code for a single amino acid Grissome reads genetis code and uses the info to synthesize proteins UCAG MANR chart ANY changes in the nucleotide sequence can significantly alter the amino acid sequence eschel cell anemia/ Lou reading frame 3x3 Recombination Review: recombination is a major source of diversity Octatinger occurs during meiesis DNA Recombination: the exchange of genetic material either between mulligte cheomesames or between different regions of the same chromasames Hamalagous Becombination occurs between identical sequences -Non-Hemelegaus Recombination occurs between non-identical sequences site specific recombination translocation -non-homologous end joining recombination is mediated by enzymes somatic recombination recombination occurs in somatic cells eelle that are not egg/sperm cells diversity in innate immunity asimiled number of conserved, germline encoded teceptors diversity in adaptive immunity bighly diverse a very large nustber of receptors arising from genetic recombination of receptor genes in each individual Antigen Receptor Diversity survival requires B and T-cell receptor diversity in order to respond to all potential antigens the immune system must be prepared to recognize and respond to antigens it has never encountered diversity operates at the level of the lymphocyte →180 million different antigen receptors can be predvied -BCR/lg on B-cell; T6% on 1-cell cach lymphocyte nas a unique receptor for antigen its own random specificity antigen "selects" the lymphocyte by binding to a cognate receptor and stimulating cell division/differentiation (antibody-secreting plasma cells of effector T-cভাত) assuming it meets criteria, virtually any substance can elicit an antibody response THEREFORE the antibody recognition receptors must be diverse the effector response must ALSO be diverses commet sespond to bectatis the some way we respond to visus