University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
PSY 105 | General Psychology
Academic year:

2021
Views:

356

Pages:

2
Author:

Jithin J. I.

HOME ADVANTAGE AND THE INFLUENCE OF ACTIVE SPECTATORS 1. Introduction  Discuss the concept of home advantage in sports.  Explore the role of active spectators in influencing home advantage. 2. Active Spectators and Their Behaviors  Spectators' behaviors include visual and auditory elements, such as waving flags, shouting, and singing.  Historical examples of spectators influencing sports events, e.g., the fistfight at the Panhellenic Games. 3. The Social Impact Theory (Latané, 1981)  Discuss the aspects of "strength," "immediacy," and "number" in the context of spectators' influence.  Emphasize the growing impact of digitalization on spectator influence. 4. Historical Experiments on Spectator Influence  Laird's (1923) experiment on the influence of mocking audiences on motor skills.  Epting et al.'s (2011) study on coordination-based skills in different sports. 5. Effects of Spectator Behavior on Different Sports  Examine how different sports may be affected by spectator behavior.  Discuss studies on basketball, baseball, and golf performances under various spectator conditions. 6. Impact of Spectators on Condition-Based Tasks  Investigate the effects of spectator encouragement and discouragement on condition-based tasks.  Highlight studies by Edwards et al. (2018) and Otte et al. (2021). 7. Home Advantage in Sports  Define home advantage and its significance in sports.  Explore underlying mechanisms, including the influence of spectators and referees. 8. Factors Influencing Home Advantage  Discuss potential factors affecting home advantage, such as travel, rules, venue familiarity, tactics, and psychological variables. 9. Perception of Spectator Influence  Share athletes' and coaches' perceptions of spectators as the most critical factor in home advantage.  Cite studies supporting this perception. 10.The Role of Spectator Numbers  Examine the classic assumption that larger spectator numbers favor the home team and disadvantage the away team.  Discuss studies showing a weak correlation between spectator numbers and outcomes. 11.Games Behind Closed Doors  Explore studies on games played without spectators (e.g., due to COVID19).  Highlight research by Van de Ven (2011) and Moore and Brylinsky (1993) showing no significant impact on home advantage. 12.Challenges in Analyzing Home Advantage  Discuss the challenges in studying home advantage due to the high variability in team success.  Mention the need for a substantial number of matches to identify trends.