University:
Swansea University
Course:
PM134 | Microbiology
Academic year:

2023
Views:

171

Pages:

3
Author:

Sanjeev K

EnzymeA biomoloculeProtein that art as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reansThe molecules upon which enzymes may out are called Substrates andthe enzyme converts the substrates into diff. molecules known asproductsH does not affect the equilibrium of the Catalyzed rean.It enhances the rate of reaction by providing a reaction path withactianism of unzyme actiona lower activation energy.FareanAn uneatalyzed rean require a higheractivation energy than does aEaCatalyzedreanCatalyzed reanReadantAGThere is no difference in free energyAdtsb/w latalyzed and uncatalyzed reans.Course of canif the rean is endergonir the presence of enzyme will not shift itsequilibrium so that more products can be formed it simply speed up the rate atwhich rean proceeds towards its final equilibrium Coenzymeeg NAD+ many vitamone.An A non proteinaceous organic substance that usually wrdan avitamin or mineral and combines with a specific protein, theapartto form an active enzyme system.- Required for the actin of certain enzymes- Acts as a transient larriers of specific functional groups-NAD, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide -A wenzyme present In mostliving cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid;Serves as a reductant in various metabolic processes.NADP, nicotinamide and adenne dinucleotide phosphate- Countynsimilar to NAD and present in most living cells serve as areductant in different metabolic processes.wenzyme A Countyme present in all living cells ; essential tometabolism of Carbohydrates and fats and some aminoacidsCoenzyme Q, ubiquinone - -Any of several quinones found In livingcells and that function as coenzymes that transfer electronsfrom one molecule to another in cell respiration.to factorA Wfactor is a non protein chemical compound that is bound toa protein and is required for the proteins biological activity.These proteine are commonly enzymes and cofactor can be considered 'helper molecules" that assist in biochemial transformation.-Cofactors are eitha organic 1 Inorganic They can also be classifieddepending on how tightly they bind to an enzyme with looselybound coffectors termed coenzymes and lightly bound cofactorstermed prosthetic gps-organic factor such as flavm / heme and Inorganic cofactorsuch as the metal ions Mgat, Cu+, Mn at or iron - Sulfur cluster7Holoonzyme (Aportryment wfactor)A complete catalytically active enzyme together with its boundcountyne and Or metal ions is called holoenzymeAprinzime- Protein Part of an enzyme.SubstrateSystemate NameAccording to IUPAC-International unionActivesiteenzymeof pure and Applied chemistry an enzymehas two parts1First part - Name of the substrates forthe enzymeenzyme substratcomplex-Second part - type of rean catalyzedProductby the enzyme This part ends withthe Suffix 'ase"Ex. Lactate Dehydroginare (.H remives hydragn NAD+ from Tactate LDH pyruvate + NADH+ H+Lactalet