Two Component System

2 component Systemeg:1Sens orNErB)2Responceeg:1[Kinase, autophosphorylateregulator (NtrC)totheir His residueAuto2phosphorylationPhosphorylation atrans,a Hisfel ofPAsp residueAspoulate3tetrameliseActivate theresponceSeveral bacterialprocess regulated bybind enchance2 component SystemIHFhelps tobend DNA andNtrC interact with promSpecialregion and melt the DN654 - N2 stauvationand care polymelasetranscribe32 - Heat shock024 - Peliplasmic strees.-70 communication528 - flagellargenes.G 18 - Iron isocihal6 S/38 - Stationary phasegenes.transfelasegene componentsystemmaces regulated by 2Eg: - Glutamine synthetase gene (neededin N2actualStaived condition) This gene recognisedy 5,withCorepolymeras, but they ace-unable to nult the DNE)1Nitrogen Staivation6611coreEnchancePolymeyarePromoterGlnsynthetase geneRPNtrBApautophospocitationtransfer ofNbcCP toAsp of NtrCPPtetramesPPNtrcEnchacerPromoterTHEPPPpDNA melting.Peomota, 2crown gall diseaseAgrobacterium tomifaciens can -can cause Crowngall disease in plants at plant soil Junctionwound in plantreleaseAceto sysingone(activatevir A (sensor) autophosphary late @HisVirG (Response trasfer ofPgroup toregulator)Asp.Vir B, D, E,Ferown gall disease e3Bacterial movementBacterial movementBacteria move through medium by Hagellalrotation in a counter clock wisedirdeiancoherent bundle ofHagellachangingcanterdirectionclockwiscrotationsmoothstopflagellalof flagellaswimmingrotationbacteria move15 hodylengths/sccondelockwisedirectionTorddingof jlagella andstorp their movementchangedirectionsmoot swimming (usuallymathenagain60'onglichenge) In presenced, attractentsmooth swimming forIn presence of repellentlongoutestumble immediatelyhow bacteria sense attractant & repellent2component systemtransferMethyl AcceptingPIChemotacticclassPrespondChenACheyprotein MCPIIIIIvaliouschangeligonalsIV/Pche YtheirmethylationtumblingpatternChe means chemotascisattractantrepellentChewfacilitate autophosmethylationmethylationphorgiationdecreaseincreaseof cheA./repella,che RMCPMethyl transferaseligondbinding domainCheBMethyl transferous-329.stryerMembroneesteraseNtCytosol2CMethylation change depenton Cytolol domain confirmation3TriggeringMethylationsitedomain (responsible to activatecheA) Bacterial movement driven by fiagella rotation in ccw directionusing proton motive force , these rotation form a conerent bundleof to the opposite end ( can move 15time bodyleng 1 second)Hagella to one and of the bacteria giving propulsive thforce impresence of an attractant tumble and they change swim smoothly it direction In a prence so'angleof a repellent, rotates they clockwife direction to stop rotate and Hagell coward a flyHagella in various direction and again Attractant 1 repellentbinds to the MCP present on the membrone (1, II, III, IV)move apart away from the repellentWhen arepellent binds to MCP, methylation increases(cheRmethyl transferances Che B -esterase) the methylatinremove whenleads toattractastcomsebeA autophosphorylates to histidine, chew facilitatetheprocess. cheA transfer P to ehe y @ Asp that lead totumblingccwcw60°SStumbleAttractantRepellonmove away. Absence of1in IILK measum / low Plodish 6th275Pdetach from Pho RPho RAutophosphary lalesP@bisPaAsp.PboRPhoBgenes to copeuptransferwith lowPcondition.5Nutrient SensingmitochandicalBacterial, outermenbrone has nutrient transfaprotein - PorinsOmp C Omp Fsmallpore largeporesized parins sized parinsNutrientNutrientOmp COmpfentryofenoughsubstrontePNutrient autophantianP.OmpCyTaleEnvzOmpRtranscriptiontronstaofPNutrientdephopiablack.OmpfEruzOmpcOmpsdephonsOrpf