PERCEPTION Definition of Perception - Sensation is understood as sensing. Meanwhile, perception is understood as a person's view/judgment. - Sensation is a process that occurs when human organs or senses receive external stimulation such as smell, taste, hearing, sight, touch and other things related to the five senses. - Perception is a follow-up thought process from the sensations received by the individual and will be interpreted scientifically by the brain. - Perception comes from Latinpercipioor Englishperception, which means: the act of compiling, recognizing and interpreting sensory information to provide a picture and understanding of something (in the environment). - Perceptual activity includes all signals in the nervous system, which are the result of physical or chemical stimulation of the sensory organs. - So, perception is a process of interpretation (meaning) of SENSATION. Individuals as subjects [individual processes] which produce the concept of "the interpretation of experience". In other languages,Perception is the process of receiving stimuli (objects, qualities, relationships between symptoms, or events) until the stimuli are realized and understood. Perception Processes -The perception process moves from the thalamus to the cortex and other areas of the brain – except for the sensation of smell. In processing this information, each cortex has its own function. The perception process in psychology is often analyzed using several approaches, including: - Basic principles:The brain uses innate principles to organize sensory information 1.Gestalt Principles - Proximity:tendency to categorize adjacent objects - Similarity: the tendency to organize objects with similar characteristics - Good Continuation:we tend to interpret intersecting lines as connecting lines - Closure:We tend to see something as intact even though there are gaps or deficiencies there - Illusory Contours:we tend to see contours when they don't exist. To make it clearer, below is an explanation of the perception process according to Gestalt principles: 2. Principles of impression formation:  Quickly forms an impression of another person based on minimal information, and then mentions general characteristics of the other person  Tendency to pay attention to the most salient characteristics, rather than all of a person's characteristics  Process information about other people by giving coherent meaning to their behavior  Organizing or grouping the stimulus received based on existing groups  Using cognitive structures to understand other people's behavior (information that is already in memory)  Personal goals influence how a person views other people 3. Information used in perception  Role, especially important social roles  Physical clues or characteristics, namely the appearance and behavior of other people (orla)  Prominence, namely the aspect that stands out (dominant) rather than the background/ setting (figure ground principle)  From behavior to traits/characteristics, by using characteristics of the complete behavior ( implicit personality theory)  Categorization,namely social assessment whose function is to save time and survive, is simple and efficient  A continuum model for impression formation, namely forming an impression with dual processing, using complete categories and information, and Impact of context, which consists of contrast and assimilation