In literature, characters often struggle to act in their own interest, hindered not just by external forces but also by their own tendencies. In Shakespeare’s 'Hamlet,' Hamlet's inability to act isn't solely due to external factors but also because of his tendency to overthink. This suggests that to fulfill one's obligations, both to oneself and to others, one must overcome the compulsion to overthink.
Hamlet's inaction stems from his overthinking of his obligations to his religion and his father. He grapples with Christian principles of right and wrong while also feeling obligated to avenge his father's death. In his first soliloquy, he muses on suicide but is deterred by the fear of eternal damnation, illustrating his internal conflict between his desires and religious beliefs. Similarly, when his father's ghost commands him to avenge his murder, Hamlet faces a dilemma between filial duty and religious morality. This conflict pervades all of Hamlet's attempts to comprehend existential questions, such as life after death, further paralyzing him.
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Contrasting Hamlet's overthinking is Laertes, who, after his father's death, prioritizes avenging him over all else, disregarding fear and other obligations. While Laertes acts decisively, Hamlet's overthinking prevents him from acting on his desire to avenge his father.
Another source of Hamlet's inaction is his comparison of himself to Fortinbras, who he sees as the embodiment of courage and decisive action. Hamlet criticizes his own indecisiveness, longing to possess Fortinbras's unwavering courage. However, by idealizing Fortinbras, Hamlet overlooks the rationale behind his own decisions, ultimately undermining his ability to act.
Hamlet himself acknowledges the power of thought in shaping one's reality, recognizing the tragic consequences of overthinking. Yet, he also comes to understand the importance of readiness, indicating a shift towards trusting his instincts and acting without overthinking.
In conclusion, Hamlet's overthinking prevents him from fulfilling his obligations and leads to his tragic demise. Shakespeare suggests that to act effectively, one must strike a balance between thoughtful consideration and decisive action, ultimately trusting one's instincts.
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