Introduction
The overall world population in present time is 7.7 billion. This population is not uniformly distributed over the geographical area of the world. For instance, China and India cover 8.1% land area from the whole world, whereas it has 2.7 billion population which is 35% of total population. So, people migrate from these countries to different countries in search of more opportunities, better lifestyle and better environment to live in. Canada and U.S.A are two countries which cover the land mass of 12.2% altogether with population of 0.35 billion. Hence the migration towards these countries is comparatively more. Both countries are similar to each other in financial status, geography, currency value, living standard, purchasing power and many more to an extent but still the immigration acceptance ratio varies between these countries.
Immigration rules for employees to United states of America
The company must attain the labor certification approval issued by department of labor. There are different categories in that too like permanent labor certification, H1-B Specialty workers (professionals), H2-A temporary labor certification (seasonal agriculture), H2-B temporary labor certification (non-agriculture), D1 crew members certification.
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Permanent Employee VISA for Labor:
If the company is planning to take most of the experienced labor employees to Canada, they have to get “the certified labor certification application from the DOL's Employment and Training Administration (ETA). The DOL must certify to the USCIS that there are not enough U.S. workers able, willing, qualified and available to accept the job opportunity in the area of intended employment. In general, the DOL works to ensure that the admission of foreign workers to work in the U.S. will not adversely affect the job opportunities, wages and working conditions of U.S. workers. Once a permanent labor certification application has been approved by the DOL, the employer will need to seek the immigration authorization from USCIS.” (labor, 2019).
Temporary Employee VISA for skilled employees (H1-B).
“The H-1B program allows employers to temporarily employ foreign workers in the U.S. on a non-immigrant basis in specialty occupations or as fashion models of distinguished merit and ability. A specialty occupation requires the theoretical and practical application of a body of specialized knowledge and a bachelor's degree or the equivalent in the specific specialty (e.g. sciences, medicine, health care, education, biotechnology, and business specialties, etc.).” (LABOR, 2019).
Chargeable services for application of Employment-based VISA:
There are certain fees that will have to be paid by the company for the VISA application services like filing immigrant petition (form-I40), processing application (form DS-260), medical examination and required vaccinations, and other miscellaneous charges for approval of documents such as police certificate, passport, birth certificates, passports and many more. (AFFAIRS, 2019)
Required documents for application for Employment-bases VISA:
The employee applicant will require a valid passport, 2*2 photograph according to require format by US government, Civil documents of applicant Birth, marriage, graduation, residential certificate proofs, upon this the applicant will have to show that he/she is financially supported by the company and at last the medical certificate that will prove that that the person has taken the required vaccinations has passed through certain medical requirements.
VISA interview by the employee applicant:
As soon as all the documents of our employees get approved, we will be informed by the US government. They will schedule interview of our employee and let us know the date, time and place via letter.
Our employee will have to be present there with all the legal documents and valid passport. He/she will be interviewed by the member of United states’ embassy and they will decide that whether the person is eligible to receive immigrant VISA or not.
Canada remains open to immigration
Amid a looming demographic crisis (rapidly ageing population and a shrinking labour force), Canada is expanding its managed legal immigration. However, the selection process is increasingly failing to match migrants with the country's evolving labour needs. This has prompted calls for reform of the current system, particularly from the private business sector.
Key points
- Canada is facing a looming demographic crisis – it suffers from a falling birth rate and a rapidly ageing population. This has major implications for future economic growth;
- Canada’s fertility rate of 1.5 (number of children born per female) in 2006 was much lower than the USA (2.0) and only just above Japan (1.3);
- By 2031, a quarter of the population will be over the age of 65;
- As a result, Canada requires a continuous flow of immigration to sustain its labour force and economic growth;
- Official policy aims to boost annual immigration to 1% of the total population in the next decade, the equivalent of 320,000 new arrivals every year. Two thirds of these will be economic migrants; (Euromonitor, n.d.)
Business Immigration Visa
The Canadian Government provides a wealth of opportunities for potential immigrants with the skills needed to develop businesses in Canada. There exist several unique immigration Visa offering accelerated permanent residence to entrepreneurs willing to bring their business management skills to Canada, financial investors willing to commit support for Canadian ventures, and self-employed persons able to put their unique skills to work in Canada. Learn more about Canada’s business immigration Visa below! (Citizenship and Immigration Canada, n.d.)
Investor Visa
To be eligible for Canada’s investor immigration Visa, individuals must have a net worth in the millions of dollars and the willingness to invest significant funds in the Canadian economy. Presently, there are two such Visa in Canada.
Entrepreneur Visa
Canada offers entrepreneur immigration options for foreign nationals with significant experience as entrepreneurs with a proven track record of success. There are a variety of Visa available for those with business management experience as well as those with experience starting new businesses.
Federal Business Immigration Visa
Whether you are self-employed, are looking to grow or start a business in Canada, or simply would like to leverage your personal net worth to help drive the Canadian economy, there are several Federal Business Immigration Visa designed to fit the skills and experience of successful business persons who want to settle in any province except Quebec.
Business Immigration Visa are a great option for potential newcomers searching for entrepreneurial diversity.
Federal Venture Capital
The Immigrant Investor Venture Capital Pilot Visa (IIVC) seeks international investors with proven business skills and abilities who will contribute to the Canadian economy while effectively integrating into society. Qualified individuals are given the opportunity to apply for an investor visa that will grant eligible applicants and their families permanent resident status in Canada.
Federal Venture Capital Visa Requirements
To qualify for this Visa, applicants must have a minimum personal net worth of $10 million CAD obtained through legal private sector businesses or investments. Inheritance and property value do not count toward the net worth requirement. A due diligence report detailing your past and present businesses and investments, validation of the source of your funds and personal net worth will be required of qualifying investor visa applicants. In addition to the personal net worth requirement of $10 million, applicants must meet the following criteria:
- Demonstrated proficiency in English or French (reading, writing, speaking, listening) via a language competency test taken within the last 24 months with an approved agency;
- Make a non-guaranteed investment of $2 million CAD of your own funds in the Federal Venture Capital Fund;
- Intend to reside in any Canadian province or territory except Quebec;
- Possess a post-secondary degree, diploma, or certificate from a Canadian institution, or:
- Validation from an Educational Credential Assessment report of a foreign equivalent. Applicants with a personal net worth of $50 million CAD or more can request to be exempt from the educational requirement.
- Non-Guaranteed Investment
Unlike the Federal Investor Visa that requires a guaranteed investment, the Immigrant Investor Venture Capital Visa requires a $2 million, non-guaranteed investment over 15 years. Depending on the performance of the IIVC Fund, applicants or may lose some or all their investment or may receive proceeds over time or at the end of their term.
Who can apply?
To be eligible for the Start-up Visa Program, you must have a qualifying business get a letter of support from a designated organization, meet the language requirements and bring enough money to settle.
- Have a qualifying business
- A qualifying business means you created a business that meets the following conditions. At the time you get a commitment from a designated organization, each applicant must hold 10% or more of the voting rights attached to all shares of the corporation outstanding at that time (up to 5 people can apply as owners). Applicants and the designated organization jointly hold more than 50% of the total voting rights attached to all shares of the corporation outstanding at that time. When you receive your permanent residence, you must provide active and ongoing management of this business from within Canada, an essential part of the operations of the business happens in Canada and the business must be incorporated in Canada.
- Get a letter of support from a designated organization
- You must get a letter of support from a designated organization (a business group that has been approved to invest in or support possible start-ups).
You’ll have to contact the designated organization to find out how to get its support, convince the organization that you have a business idea that is worth supporting and get a letter of support from the designated organization. If you reach an agreement with a designated organization, it will send you a letter of support. You must include this letter when you submit your application. This is the proof you need to show that the venture capital fund, angel investor group, or business incubator is supporting your business idea. The organization will also send a commitment certificate.
Requirements for a business visa in Canada:
Applying for an eTA online should be quick and straightforward. However, even with your eTA arranged, you may be asked to show some documents to the immigration officers when you arrive in Canada. Following are the documents required:
Your valid passport, which should be the same one as you used for your eTA application, letters from both your employer and the Canadian company you’re visiting confirming the purpose of your business trip, contact details of your host in Canada,
proof of your financial status, showing you can afford your stay in Canada and the return trip home, depending on the reason for your visit you may need to show other documents, such as: service agreements, contracts, etc.
Conclusion
Canada or USA?
Immigration has been such a controversial and debated topic, whether talking about USA or Canada. But the immigration entry to Canada is way easier than USA.
It is much easier to immigrate to Canada than to USA. In general, USA immigration is employment based which means the easiest and fastest way to enter the USA is via a work permit. After that, an applicant can “adjust their status” for permanent residence. Unless a person is sponsored by a close relative, rarely do people immigrate to USA directly and must enter first on a work permit (which means a person must have an employer first).
Canada is more or less the opposite. It is not so easy to enter as a worker (unless you have an employer with a validated offer of employment from Human Resources Canada) but much easier to immigrate if you qualify. A relative or a job offer would help but is not required. Therefore, if you are educated and have work experience in a skilled occupation you will likely qualify for permanent residence. The fact that you overstayed in USA is usually not a problem. The key differences between the two is stated as under:
- USA has a priority date system that lets applicants know where their application is in the system. Canada does not.
- Canada does not have a quota of the number of immigrants entering or for work permits. USA does, so if you are applying for example an H1B visa and the quota has been filled, you must wait until the next year.
- Canada permits its visitors to renew their visitor status while in Canada much easier. After 9/11 USA has restricted the time a visitor can remain in the country and much more difficult to extend.
- USA keeps a tracking system of who come in and out. Canada has no record of who / when a person leaves.
- USA permits the sponsorship of siblings. While the application can take a decade to be processed, Canada has eliminated the sponsorship of siblings altogether.
Thus, looking at all the key major differences we can easily make out as to Canada is an easier country to immigrate to than USA.
References
- (n.d.). Retrieved from Euromonitor.
- (n.d.). Retrieved from Citizenship and Immigration Canada: http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/helpcentre/index-a-z-can.asp
- AFFAIRS, T. D.—B. (2019). Employment-Based Immigrant Visas. Retrieved from Travel.State.GovU.S. DEPARTMENT of STATE — BUREAU of CONSULAR AFFAIRS: https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/immigrate/employment-based-immigrant-visas.html#overview
- LABOR, U. S. (2019). H-1B, H-1B1 and E-3 Specialty (Professional) Workers. Retrieved from UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR : https://www.foreignlaborcert.doleta.gov/h-1b.cfm labor, U. S. (2019). permenent labor certification. Retrieved from United states department of labor: https://www.foreignlaborcert.doleta.gov/perm.cfm
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