INTRODUCTION
Aims and objective
The main objective of the project is to make a research report on narcissism. The report will explain the methodology used by researchers on the bright and dark side of narcissism. However, the research will contain an estimation of the methods chosen the background of the research report, a discussion of the discoveries, and the conclusion reached through the project.
The project will demonstrate the positive impact of narcissism and the reflection of narcissistic personality through social media and modern society. Narcissism results in either positivity or negativity in society.
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The objective of this research report is to identify the characteristics and impacts of narcissism and how it affects different people. The main discoveries are present and discussed in the four part of the research report.
Background information
Narcissism is characterized as a structure with diverse faces for different purposes, which are presented varying on the situational assessment. Narcissism is a word used to describe someone arrogant, self-enhancing, selfish and egotistical, shameless, and self-regarding. The narcissist believe that is always smarter and better than others. Narcissist is often described as a toxic person, which should be avoided by society. Since the advancement of sound systems to identify the narcissistic were temperament in the early 1970s, researchers have discovered great deal about the impacts of narcissism. Narcissists tend to use others primarily trying to achieve their goals. They can make a positive impression, and other people usually find them attractive and appealing. Narcissism is a quite strange subject to be understand since narcissists face difficulties when maintaining a healthy and strong social relationship. Additionally, there are two forms of narcissism - grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. According to different research practices, the vulnerable narcissism has been often identified as clinical narcissism because of its inter- and intra-personally ruthless behavior. Shyness, low self-esteem, anxiety, introversion, defensiveness, hypersensitivity, and tendency for depression boost clinical narcissism. The major characteristics of vulnerable narcissism, as considered by the researchers, include mistrust, anxiety, dubious traits, depression, and neuroticism. However, grandiose narcissism was often recognized as subclinical since it involves comparisons that are both positive - high self-esteem, assertiveness, self-efficacy and extraversion, and negative – antagonism, entitlement, dominance, and aggressiveness. The description of researcher ratings shows that the major characteristics of grandiose narcissism include antisocialism, entitlement, exhibitionism, and manipulation. The self-admiration of a grandiose narcissist is high, while weak narcissists have low and fragile self-respect. The scholars were intended to test the hypothesis that narcissism has both a bright and dark side.
Specifically, the hypotheses were:
- H1. The negative impacts of being a narcissist
- H2. Healthy or positive impacts of narcissism
- H3. reflection of a narcissistic personality through modern society and social media
This figure shows how the extreme self-confidence, self-love, looking for approvals through social media (for example more likes on Instagram or Facebook photos), can lead a person to become a narcissist.
THE CURRENT STUDY
Methodology
The correct method of identifying and analyzing the positive and negative impacts of narcissism varies according to many factors. An online survey is done by researchers to identify the bright and dark side of narcissism. People responded to the research were instructed to a set of self-report questionnaires. Additionally, the scholars applied analyses to discover that the increased use of social networking site is connected with narcissism.
The research tools used
In this phase, the researcher planned and came up with the following sources:
- Narcissism was identified as a self-report. Researches that collected observer's reports or group narcissism from pathetic behavior was excluded.
- The research analyzed social networking styles such as frequencies (postings), durations (time of usage in a day), intensity ratings (Facebook Intensity scale) or text lengths.
- Participants were inculcated in how to use the network application to submit records about their behavior and mood. A survey was done to identify the increased use of social media was organized and involved of two parts. The first one contained questions evaluating the time spent by individuals on social media. In contrast, the other part contained questions in which participants’ rate their degree to which they admit with the statements.
- Theoretical expressions of personality disorder traits were included as a variates to regulate general personality disorder and to separate the specific impacts of narcissism.
Problems encountered and the approach to overcome them
The scientists faced various problems when conducting the research. They did not get enough information as members recorded unclear information while others failed to take part of the research. The researcher can overcome the problems by applying a different method of identifying positivity and negativity.
How successful the research has been
The research has been successful because most participants answered the question openly. None of the participants was forced to join in the self-report questionnaires. The young aged population recorded more precise information on their social media use, than the older. To some point, the observers are important role in the research by recording clear data of their applicants.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
It is wrong to be narcissists as they use other people as extensions for self-gain. They make decisions on behalf of others to suit ¬¬¬¬¬¬¬their needs, not considering the impacts of their actions. For instance, they may use a friend to meet self needs, cover-up self-perceived flaws, or fulfil dreams. They believe they are more superior to others and can do anything, whether good or bad, without excuse to anyone. This practice of under-criticism pushes narcissism people to believe that they are free for special treatment and deserve the greater privilege more than “normal people”. Some enjoy causing pain on others and will go out of their way to make others lower and suffer. Furthermore, a narcissist has no interest for other people's sensations and feelings. A narcissist enjoys spreading negative emotions to get people's attention, feel powerful, and keep you feeling insecure (Back et al., 2013). Their weak self-esteem may result in conflicts between people who are quick to anger. During a disagreement, as soon as a narcissist starts to feel bad, he is likely to blame whomever he is with for the discomfort. They rush in making a quick decision that later affects them both physically and emotionally. However, they become depressed, and the solution to their problem is ending up committing suicide or can cause serious mental illness such as psychopathy.
The researcher observed that narcissism has both healthy and positive impacts. Narcissists have high self- esteem that makes them to appear stronger. Obvious narcissism people, for instance, the NPI are typical linked with higher self- esteem. This may, therefore, be identified as a mental-health insinuation of narcissism. In other words, narcissists appear healthy because they believe in themselves and don't care about other people's compliments about them, which in one point can be good. They never get depressed so easily because they do not allow less narcissistic people to be part of their circle (Kerig & Sink, 2010). From the self-report questionnaires, most of the narcissists have levels of life satisfaction, and it is very hard for them to be stressed by fake beliefs about their living. Additionally, the study suggests that narcissism can be developed by a combination of low expressive reactivity and high levels of a healthy life. Narcissistic people are easily recognizable due to their self-care. After participants completed a measure of narcissism, it was taken pictures of them, and observers were asked to rate if they see any narcissistic elements. Observers' ratings of the photographs were positively connected with the research scores, suggesting that findings on the photos of narcissism can be comparatively precise (Kerig & Sink, 2010). Number of signs were surely associated with participant's ratings, such as trendy and expensive outfits, a presence that shows proper preparation and attraction. Signs designating narcissism in men included being muscular, and, in women, the wearing of makeup helped observers to perceive narcissism. Definitely it seems that narcissists may change their appearances to match their objectives. Regular physical exercises are important to boost health behaviors, keeping people both physically and mentally stable. Narcissism was found to be related with increased levels of reported physical activities to the extent that men want to appear muscular and fit. Most participants supported positive narcissism as their behavior implied more on their social well-being posture when recording answers on the self-report questionnaires show that they have excellent communication skills.
Social media sites such as Twitter or Facebook have developed a significant part of the lives of millions of users internationally. The author argues that extensive of social networking sites is linked to users' narcissism and that modern society mirrors narcissistic desires. Equally, the emergence and boundary circumstances of the relationship between the use of social networking sites and narcissism are a matter of organizing a debate. Perhaps, modern social impacts are considered to play a significant role in the improvement and maintenance of a narcissistic personality. Current studies that related narcissism in various regions recommends that narcissism is more widespread in Western cultures than in Eastern cultures (Gnambs & Appel, 2018). Findings show that the differences in these regions have been linked to the widespread social media culture, which reflect to narcissism. People who typically high on every characteristic can show similar social media sites behaviors. Social contrast is either rising or falling. Individual compares herself or himself to other people which they observe as better, and in the latter comparison, an individual relates himself or herself to people they observe as poorer. Data from international researches suggest that around 80% of internet users in the UK use social media. Additionally, Facebook is a field that supports narcissistic behaviour.
Social media users have the power to share their self-related information to many people and get feedback about others. The research on the link between social media use and narcissism indicates that users grandiose narcissism is related to the level of their social relationship. Narcissism is strongly associated with the number of social media friends and behavior calculated at self-presentations. Some researchers identified a rise in narcissism across a particular period, but others identified little fuel for generational deviancies in narcissism. Narcissism is strongly connected with behaviors emerging on self-demonstrations such as uploading photos and posting status. However, social media provides a increase from religious, societal, or legal customs (Gnambs & Appel, 2018). Some cultures that usually have limit gender contacts, promote open communication between women and men. About two-thirds of adults in the UK are using social media regularly. From analysis findings, narcissism was most predictive on Twitter and Face book. The relationships do not fluctuate with gender balance or participant's age.
CONCLUSION
Narcissists are very charming and have a friendly attitude when they are communicate with other people. If someone accomplishes their desire and gives them enough attention, their relationships will never fade. Most of the narcissists are self- focused. They never change their objectives even if any barrier attacks their plan. They have a persistent attitude towards what is good and with benefits in their lives and cannot give up before they accomplish their purpose. Additionally, narcissists are most concerned with their well-being and they do not interrupt on other people's plans. Narcissists with high self-esteem are always feeling good and never blame themselves over confused tasks, unlike normal people. Narcissists continually appreciate their effort and hard work.
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