ABSTRACT
This research project illustrates an overview of the sport industry in India and how it’s growing over the period of time. It highlights the progressive parameters, which contributed in development of Indian sports industry and its socio-economic impact. For any country, sports sector is a significant part because of the positive outcomes on the physical and mental health of nations human resource. According to recently numbers, 1-5% of Indian GDP is backed by sports sector. Sports industry has been in India since ancient times however its layouts have transformed with the spread of corporate in India. Multiple large Indian organizations and foreign investments have entered the niche section of sports, increased trade of Indian sports goods and government taking various initiatives in promotion sports. Thus, this paper discusses about the FDI (foreign direct investment), rise in exports, countries importing Indian products, increasing number of players and government schemes.
It would be useful for people who are either entering sports industry with commercial outlook or amateurs who are willing to take up sports as a career. The analysis would consider all the Indian companies involved in the arena of sports.
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The possible outcome will be why this industry is booming, what was the reason for its development and thus how government is encouraging players.
INTRODUCTION
Sports have been a power for good since the time humankind existed. It brings together individuals, catalyzes social and cultural change, inculcates discipline and candor, trains individuals to win and lose. Game in India alludes to the colossal range of games played in India, varying from ancestral games to more standard games, for example, cricket, badminton and football. Cricket is the most mainstream sport in India, the nation having facilitated and won numerous Cricket World Cups. Kabaddi is the most famous indigenous game in the nation. Other mainstream sports in India are badminton, football, shooting, wrestling, boxing, tennis, squash, weightlifting, gymnastics, athletics, table tennis, basketball, volleyball and cycling. Famous native games incorporate chess, kho-kho, kite battling, leg cricket, polo, snooker and gillidanda. The historical backdrop of sports in India goes back to the Vedic time. The modern game of badminton has created from an old kids' games referred to in England as battledore and shuttlecock, a game well known in old India. Games like chess and snakes & ladder began from the old Indian games chaturanga and gyan chauper. During the rule of the Mughal Empire, a type of wrestling known as pehlwani was created. During the colonist period, British India played at six Olympic Matches, eminently winning metals in field of hockey. Snooker started in the late nineteenth century amongst British Army officials positioned in India. Modern polo began in British India in the nineteenth century, from Manipur, where the game was known as 'Sagol Kangjei', 'Kanjai-bazee', or 'Pulu'. The name 'polo' is the anglicized adaptation of the last mentioned. Post freedom India has hosted and co-hosted a few worldwide games, most eminently the 1987, 1996 and 2011 Cricket World Cups, the 1951 and 1982 Asian Games, the 2010 Commonwealth Games, and the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup. Domestic professional sports championships in the nation feature the Indian Premier League (Twenty20 cricket), the I-League and the Indian Super League (football), the Pro Kabaddi League (kabaddi), the Hockey India League (hockey), Premier Badminton League (badminton), the Pro Wrestling League (wrestling), the Ultimate Table Tennis alliance (table tennis), and the Pro Volleyball League (volleyball). Important international games every year held in India contain the Chennai Open in tennis, the Indian Open in golf, and the India Open in badminton. The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna is India's most elevated honor for accomplishment in sports, while the Dronacharya Award is granted for greatness in coaching.
Political duty regarding sport in India lies with the Department of Sports under the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports; the division runs under the charge of a Secretary to the Government of India (Smt. Upma Chawdhry, Secretary Youth Affairs and Radhey Shyam Julaniya, Sports Secretary), while the Minister Of State (Kiren Rijiju) is the chief of the ministry. A ministry-recognized National Sports Federation (NSF) embodies each Olympic and non-Olympic game, the main exception being the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), which isn't a NSF. As of 2019, the ministry documents 56 NSFs. Sports Authority of India, the field’s arm of the department, supports and encourages talent in youth, and offers them necessary foundation, equipment, coaching facilities and organizing national level competitions. The Indian Olympic Association (IOA) is responsible for the Indian contingent’s participation in the Olympic games, Commonwealth Games, Asian Games (outdoor, indoor and beach), and South Asian Games. The selection of the national teams is completed by the respective national federations and afterward proposed to the IOA for official sponsorship for participation in those games.
The Indian sports industry comprises of four kinds of stakeholders across eight sectors. These eight segments involves governance which run by government and autonomous bodies (MYAS, SAI, IOA, NSFs, SSAs, DSAs), talent scouting and training is done by NSFs, SSA, DSA, SAI training centers & institutes for coaches, non-profit/profit training academics which is a combination private, government and autonomous entities, sports goods manufacturing and retail (export) of produce is handled by the private organizations however it supported by non-profit government body called sports goods export promotion council , sports events are organized by NSFs, SSAs & DSAs and also by profit entities ( franchises, sponsors, broadcaster ), , public-private partnerships and government bodies look after infrastructure development, private sector companies in event and sponsorship management take up the marketing and publicity campaigns and lastly funding is managed by government bodies and private entities.
The affection for sport in India is moving past the sport of cricket towards a wide assortment of sports, bringing about the development of viewership, participation, and sports-related enterprises. It has opened up new business opportunities for financial specialists taking a glance at the Indian market from brand building and Infrastructure to niche enterprising endeavors, developing technologies and services. India's improving financial atmosphere, rising disposable income, and changing view towards fitness and healthy lifestyle is powering the rising demand for sports-related products and enterprises. Investment prospects in the sports business are scattered over the whole supply chain network, including the assembling and retail of equipment and clothing as well as in advertising, talent management, and training.
Sports in India supported and encouraged by schools, parents, employer and peers. May it be young or adult, skilled or unskilled, people have developed the need take up sports as government classes sports as very important aspect of every human being. Accordingly with increasing income, citizens switch from local to national and the international brands. Apart from promoting sports at basic level to citizens, the government has facilitated sportspersons with appropriate provisions; hence aims to bagged twenty gold medals at 2024 Olympics. Therefore, population more than one billion, this sector has opportunity for the infrastructure development, boosting sales and making investments
INDIAN SPORTS GOOD INDUSTRY
Sports Goods Manufacturing Industry in India began on thirteenth April, 1883 at Sialkot (Now in Pakistan).Sardar Ganda Singh Oberoi found a dream to begin this industry who established Oberoi Limited in Sialkot and made first export of sports goods to England in May 1884.
At the point when India was partitioned in 1947, a large number of Sialkot's talented Hindu skilled workers relocated over the border into Punjab, settling in Jalandhar and Meerut, where the Indian sport goods industry is presently based. Since the experts were settled in these regions, the business visionaries began pouring in Jalandhar and Meerut and consequently began the current Indian Sports Goods Industry in 1948 exactly.
The sports goods industry in India has seen an extraordinary development in the course of recent decades and now involves a position of noticeable quality in the Indian economy taking into account its gigantic potential for business, development and export. There has been an increasing emphasis on its arranged development, focused on ideal usage of assets for amplifying the profits, especially from trades outside India.
The Indian sports goods industry makes 318 commodities. The Indian sports goods industry is a highly labour-intensive industry, which gives work to the weaker segments of society and furthermore employs an enormous number of women.
Indian sports goods industry is in its beginning stage, however more than 100 years of age and some of the manufacturing Centre’s throughout the years have set up in and around Jalandhar, Meerut, Delhi, Mumbai, Agra, Moradabad, Chennai, Jammu and Kolkata. Of these, Jalandhar and Meerut together claim around 75% to 80% of the complete production. The development of these two bunches was a consequence of segment of India in 1947 when the individuals of Sialkot, Pakistan (significant production Centre focus of sports goods at that point and now additionally) migrated to Jalandhar and Meerut.
With what begun as a battle of few business visionaries and their employees transplanting their underlying foundations to another spot, Jalandhar and Meerut sports goods cluster has risen as a significant manufacturing place with forward and in reverse linkages alongside indigenous affiliations and institutional help. There are around 250 exporting units, around 1000 manufacturing units for local markets, and nearly 4000 small-scale ventures. Likewise, there are around 20,000 household units situated in and around both the city. Together these MSMEs hire around 1-lakh workforces directly or indirectly. The turnover of this group is around Rs 2000 crores (informal figure) obliging native and export markets. Aside from Meerut and Jalandhar, Jammu has likewise come in the atlas of manufacturing sports goods essentially Cricket Bats and the creators there have snatched a significant lump of local market from Jalandhar and Meerut producers.
EXPORTS SECTOR
Jalandhar and Meerut are the export excellence towns in sports sector. In Jalandhar and Meerut, three sorts of foundations are normally found which are, big establishment; these are commonly outfitted to export other than taking into account the local market. Small establishment; these typically make sports goods for the domestic market. Both the big establishments as well as the small establishment are enrolled either under the Factories Act, 1948, or under the Shops and Establishment Act of the state. The unregistered units, these are found especially in the urban pockets of Jalandhar and Meerut these units are generally small locally situated units which are typically run by the family members, yet now and again with the assistance of a few contracted workers. These units don't have an immediate access to market. It has been seen that numerous multiple times when the enormous foundations - particularly exporters - are not able to cope to huge demands from their foreign customers, circulate a portion of the production to these small unregistered, locally situated units.
Significant objects that are exported are inflatable balls, hockey sticks and balls, cricket bats and balls, boxing gear, fishing equipment’s, indoor games like carom and chess board and various types of protective equipment’s. The major exporting nations are USA, UK, UAE, Netherlands and France. It is accepted that local market is proportional to the export market in monetary terms, with prominence of items such as board games and the like.
This industry illustrates to a remarkable situation wherein labor-intensive industry utilizes age-old technology in exporting sports supplies to more than 130 nations. Coming to better characterization, this group has prominent highlights of a 'upcoming group' regarding technology being defined as characterized by Schmitz and Nadvi (1999), with market reach of that of a 'established sector'. The significant product of this industry are inflatable balls which comprise football, rugby ball, basket ball, and so on; wood based types of equipment’s involving cricket bat, hockey stick, carom board, chess board, and so forth; protective equipment for cricket, hockey, rugby, for example, gloves, shin guards, chest monitors, and so on; racquets, shuttle cocks among the 200 odd commodities this industry fabricates. Every product class of the sporting goods is working in its own national and local and therefore being influenced by various market and operational powers.
The need for sports goods is expanding in global as well as in the local markets and this sector holds the potential yet comes up short on the technical knowledge. The industry faces prompt competition from nations like China, Taiwan and Sialkot in Pakistan.
This sports good industry with more than 120 years of presence, has created a spot for itself in the international sports exports market. It has developed as a solid provider of sports products to the global markets, obliging a portion of the top brands. With around 115 exporting enterprises, the division of sports fundamentally adds to the sports goods exports from India. In the year 2000-2001 the exports accounted to 44,560 USD, which expanded to 185,295.36 USD in the year 2008-09 and additionally expanded to 303,526 USD in 2016-17. (The figure prohibits sports shoes, sports clothing and fitness gears). There are another 400 odd undertakings that take into account merchant exports just as the local Indian market. Noteworthy number of industry systems and support organizations exist in this field. The primary ones being, 1] Sports Goods Export Promotion Council (SGEPC), (Dealing with exports only), 2] Sports Good Manufacturers and Exporters Association (SGMEA), (Dealing with Manufacturer’s problems of domestic and export nature), 3] Sports goods Foundation of India (SGFI), (Dealing with Child Labour problem only), 4] Institute of Technology (NIT), 5] Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), 6] Central Institute of Hand Tools (CIHT), 7] Process cum Product Development Centre for Sports Goods (PPDC) (Jalandhar and Meerut).
In the recent years, India’s share of the global sports goods exports market is expected to grow manifold, with the country establishing the credibility of its goods in the global market. India has emerged as the leading international sourcing destination for inflatable balls and other sports goods for international brands such as Mitre, Lotto, Umbro and Wilson. Today, Indian sports goods manufacturers are exporting products under their own brand names, in addition to being original equipment manufacturers (OEM) suppliers for international sports brands. In recent years, Indian products have been exported for global sports events such as the football World Cup 2002, where India-manufactured bladders were used. Athletic Boxing equipment made in India was also used at the Atlanta Olympics (1996) and Beijing Olympics (2008). Advantage to India is that the Indian sports goods sector is a major contributor to the Indian economy in terms of employment and enjoys a clear competitive edge.sports
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