The US needed win the space race to represent the dominance of the free world of witch it was the leader of the 50s and 60s However john f Kennedy had stressed the importance achieving a difficult goal and the success the Apollo 11 mission despite many disasters and setbacks allowed all mankind to be proud of this momentous achievement
Apollo 11 Space Shuttle
Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon. Commander Neil Armstrong and lunar module pilot Buzz Aldrin formed the American crew that landed the Apollo Lunar Module Eagle on July 20, 1969.
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How much time did they spend on the Moon?
Armstrong became the first person to step onto the lunar surface 6 hours 39 minutes later on July 21 and Aldrin joined him 19 minutes later. They spent about two and a half hours together outside the spacecraft and collected 21.55 kg of lunar material to bring back to earth.
Apollo Guidance Computer
Apollo Guidance Computer was a digital computer produced for the Apollo program that was installed on board each Apollo command module. Astronauts communicated with the Apollo Guidance Computer using a numeric display and keyboard called the DSKY.
- https://www.geek.com/news/how-the-apollo-11s-1-024mhz-guidance-computer-did-a-lot-with-very-little-1562831/
Race to space
Landing on the Moon was viewed as a national and technological accomplishment that would generate worldwide attention, but going to the Moon would be risky and expensive, as exemplified by President John F. Kennedy famously stating in a 1962 speech that the United States chose to go because it was hard.
Who flew Apollo 11?
Mission Commander Neil Armstrong was born on August 5, 1930, in Ohio. Armstrong became interested in flight while still a child. In 1950, Armstrong flew combat missions for the USA Navy. He became an astronaut in 1962 and commanded Gemini VIII in 1966.
How did Apollo 11 land back to earth?
After the journey back from the Moon, the Apollo 11 command module shed flaming pieces of its protective ablative covering as it hurtled through the Earth’s atmosphere toward splash down, July 24, 1969. Although the photograph gives the impression of fiery destruction of the spacecraft, the ablative material was performing as it was designed to. By vaporizing and burning away, it protected the interior of the spacecraft from the searing heat caused by friction with the atmosphere.
Aircraft technology
Lunar Module Specifications
- Weight (empty): 3920 kg
- Weight (with Crew & Propellant): 14,700 kg
- Height: 7.0 m
- Width: 9.4 m
- Descent Engine Thrust: 44,316 Newtons (9870 lb) maximum, 4710 Newtons (1050 lb) minimum
- Ascent Engine Thrust: 15,700 Newtons (3500 lb)
- Fuel: 50-50 mix of Unsymmetrical Dimethyl Hydrazine (UDMH) & Hydrazine
- Oxidizer: Nitrogen Tetroxide
Prime Contractor: Grumman Aerospace Corporation
How they left the moon
Saturn v fire describes the rockets that helped make the spacecraft take off into space.
Fuel Cells
Both Gemini and Apollo 11 obtained electrical power from hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells.
Was it Safe?
- There were problems with the project before the moon landing.
- In the launch rehearsals the command module caught on fire.
- Neil Armstrong nearly died just over a year before the July 1969 launch. On May 6, 1968, he was piloting the lunar-landing research vehicle that is a test and he had a system failure.
- The Apollo 11 aircraft had unexpected alarms that cause a freak-out to the astronauts.
- Apollo 11 had low fuel when had a slight delay that caused them to miss their designated landing spot in the Sea of Tranquility. Armstrong, the mission commander realized that the spacecraft was coming down in an area with large craters and boulders. So, he took over manual control and bypassed a large crater, and steered past the boulders to find a clear area.
- Finally, the crew landed. Armstrong and Aldrin suited up for the first moonwalk, but as they were putting on their portable life-support-system backpacks (those big, iconic backpacks), the astronauts accidentally knocked off the tip of a circuit breaker.
- A storm prevented the Apollo 11 aircraft from landing efficiently.
- The thrusters were heading the wrong way at the start of the mission which enabled a possibility that they could crash into another space aircraft putting the mission at risk.
Safety Training
- When training for the Apollo 11 mission they would use geological objects, which enabled them to enter and exit the lunar module.
- The Apollo 11 crew trained at facilities here on earth that had the topography the same as the moon. The reason they trained at so many sites was to get an appreciation for the different aspects of various geological features.
Engineering
Nasa made the lunar module to go to the moon on 1967. They had a team that would work on it daily and they had this going for 2 years to make the lunar module as safe as they could.
How much food they took
First Meal in Space
John Glenn was the first American to eat in space in mission Friendship 7 in 1962. At that time, it was not known if ingestion and the eating of nutrients were possible in a state of no gravity. Glenn's consumption of applesauce, packed in a tube, and xylose sugar tablets with water, demonstrated that people could eat, swallow, and digest food in a weightless environment.
Sources
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- Forbes.com. (2019). Everyone Missed An Apollo 11 Mistake, And It Almost Killed The Astronauts Returning To Earth. [online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2019/07/19/everyone-missed-an-apollo-11-mistake-and-it-almost-killed-the-astronauts-returning-to-earth/#49ecc1f67cbd [Accessed 9 Oct. 2019].
- Fishman, C. (2019). What You Didn't Know About the Apollo 11 Mission. [online] Smithsonian. Available at: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/what-you-didnt-know-about-apollo-11-mission-fifty-years-ago-180972165/ [Accessed 10 Oct. 2019].
- Airandspace.si.edu. (2019). Food in Space | National Air and Space Museum. [online] Available at: https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/apollo-to-the-moon/online/astronaut-life/food-in-space.cfm [Accessed 21 Oct. 2019].
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