'Hafidaka Allah'- May God protect you. Cultures throughout the world have generally ruled by one notion, the belief of a higher power. Whether God or Allah, religion has heavily influenced societies' spiritual life and moral codes.
The expression of mystical ideas and practices have been, are, and will continue to be an imperative aspect of numerous religions around the world for centuries. The practice of religious experiences, along with the ideologies, ethics, rites, myths, legends, and or magic related to them, signifies Mysticism. Christianity, the world's largest religious group, practice and express mystical ideas with the sole intention of reaching a direct, non-abstract union with God. A component of Christian mysticism is contemplative prayer or meditation, the attempt to empty the mind to become one with God, who is found by the way, in ourselves. Christian mystics state that we are to fill our minds with either our imaginations and astral projections or with the revelations and messages from God. Richard J. Foster believes a series of twelve disciplines will transport an individual into a mystical experience with God and increase spirituality. The disciplines are divided into three separate groups: the inward disciplines, the outward disciplines, and the corporate disciplines. The inward discipline consists of confession, worship, guidance, and celebration. The outward disciplines consist of simplicity, solitude, submission, and service. Lastly, the corporate discipline consists of confession, worship, guidance, and celebration. These disciplines are believed, with mere repetition of mystic mantras will bring out the transformation.
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Religion is not individually expressed within mysticism and literature; throughout history, religious beliefs became expressed through art and architecture. The Pyramid of Giza was vital for the religious expression of the Egyptian people. Despite believed to be a tomb, Egyptians believed the pyramid was also the place of reawakening for the soul or ka in Ancient Egyptian. The preservation of the body was essential to the amount of comfort the soul received in the afterlife. The Sistine Chapel ceiling is an additional example of religious beliefs spread through art and architecture. History has shown that religion is not confined to mysticism and literature, but is illustrated in several impactful ways around the world.
As humanity flourished, views of society, nature, and the cosmos changed remarkably. Discoveries were made, theories analyzed, and new movements were formed. Creationism, Intelligent design, and Evolution are currently movements occurring in the U.S. Despite similarities, each differs with its central ideas. Creationism is based upon the literal writing of the Bible and rejects the theory of evolution. They often assert the identity of the creator of the earth with religious texts and will ignore scientific data and discoveries. Intelligent design instead, argue with the scientific data and discoveries and will avoid religious texts and or writings. They believe an intelligent being or 'designer', who in theory could be anyone or anything, was responsible for the complexity of nature. Advocates of the theory of evolution (evolutionists) believe that the complexity of nature is due to natural selection and that a few simple life forms could evolve to create the current complex ecosystem.
According to The New York Times, Evolutionists find themselves arrayed not against traditional creationism, with its roots in biblical literalism, but against a more sophisticated idea: the intelligent design theory. Irreducibly complex is a significant point of disagreement among them. Advocates of Intelligent design use the vertebrate eye as an illustration of their argument. If the bacterial flagellum or even one of the moving parts was removed, it would cease to function. Therefore proving the irreducibly complex and the unlikeliness of progressive evolution. Creationists state that all life forms currently existing were created by the actions of God. Evolutionists rebuttal by stating, as, with the vertebrate eye, various intermediate steps to the bacterial flagellum have been discovered by scientists. Prothero then further affirmed, 'There are semi-flagella in nature that is not as complicated as the bacterial one, and has been greatly documented.' Specified complexity is another fundamental contrariety. Intelligent design advocates state, as unique and essential to all organisms, the DNA molecule is considered to have a high degree of CSI or complex specified information. Which, could only be the outcome of intelligence. Creationists state that new organisms cannot be formed by the organisms already created by God. Prothero argues that 'Natural selection is enough to explain the complexity of nature.' When the molecular ingredients for DNA are combined, natural selection will then create specifically complex molecules suitable for use in genetic code.
Human civilization has greatly advanced and progressed since the beginning. As discoveries were made, new thoughts and moral codes were created. History has shown the progression of humanity's view of society, nature, and cosmos throughout centuries. Humanity has been, is, and will continue to challenge the concepts in a society conceived be true.
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