The ancient tribes of America have an irreplaceable role in studying American history and world history. Many ancient tribes lived in America before the recorded history. However, the Indian tribes in America did not form empires or more concentrated civilizations such as the Aztecs, Inca, and Maya. These tribes are made up of several large tribes, and there are several or even dozens of small tribes under each big tribe. They lived freely in the vast Americas until the arrival of Europeans in the 17th century. Now their residence, beliefs, and culture have changed a lot. Let us focus on two very influential tribes.
Passamaquoddy Indians were descendants of Native Americans who lived in Maine and western New Brunswick before the recorded history. They were the first tribe to contact the Europeans. Some of these first encounters were friendly, while others were not. Despite trying to remain neutral, the tribe was affected by each of the five wars that took place on the Maine border between 1689 and 1760.
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The contact of Wampanoag with the colonial was different from Passamaquoddy’s. In November 1620, the Mayflower carrying 101 British settlers, commonly known as pilgrims, arrived in the New World. In December, they moored at Plymouth Port and began to settle. In March 1621, Wampanoag Chief Massasoit visited the settlement for the first time. After they greeted each other and exchanged gifts, the two sides established a defense alliance commitment not to 'harm' each other and signed a peace treaty that lasted for more than 50 years.
In modern life, the two tribes have many similarities in clothing, food, housing, and transportation, and they are increasingly integrated into modern life. Some Wampanoag live in villages named small round houses. Most of them live in modern homes or apartment buildings. They travel by canoes or cars. Women wear knee-length skirts. Men wear tights with tights. Men are hunters and sometimes fight for their families. Women are farmers and do most of the childcare and cooking. The main activity of the children is to play or go to school. Everyone in the Wampanoag family works together to collect food for the tribe. Women harvest corn, pumpkins, and beans. Men look for deer, turkeys, and small game and then fish on their canoes. Wampanoag children collect other foods such as berries, nuts, and herbs. Some traditional Wampanoag recipes include cornbread, soups, and stews. Passamaquoddy is very similar to Wampanoag in terms of housing, clothing, and children's activities. Traveling also relies mainly on canoes and cars, but on the land, Passamaquoddy also uses dogs as packaged animals. And used sleds and snowshoes to help them travel in winter. When they find comestible for their families, Passamaquoddy people walk around. Usually, they go fishing on the coast in the summer, catch dolphins, grow corn, and then return to inland hunting games in the winter.
In today's United States, Indians are still among the poorest in the economy, with the fewest jobs, the lowest levels of health and education and income, and poor living conditions. According to statistics from 1980, the Indians of the United States accounted for only 0.6% of the US population. They reside in more than 200 reserved sites in 26 states. The Indian culture is facing the danger of being lost.
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