Nutrition is defined as a substance working in the body. A living life form is the result of nourishment. The individual requires in excess of 48 distinct supplements for its prosperity. Supplements are substance parts gotten from nourishment, which help support body capacities, body development, and protection of the organs of the body
Malnutrition signifies impedance of wellbeing emerging either from inadequacy or overabundance or irregularity of supplements in the body. It is a natural issue (Gopalan, C., 2002). It is the final product of different covering and collaborating factors – physical, natural, social and cultural environment, and financial.
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Adolescence is a time of progress between childhood and adulthood happening somewhere in the range of 12 and 18 years old (Chilman and Nancy, 1994). In young ladies, immaturity development happens prior (i.e., amid 12-15 years) than in young men (i.e., amid 13-16 years). Achievement of menarche is a critical occasion in a young lady's life. Adolescent girls shape an essential portion of the populace and comprise, figuratively speaking, the crucial 'connect' between the present age and the following. As of late, expanding worry for the nourishing status of young people is revealed by nutritionists, health care professionals, politicians, and administrators.
Malnutrition has an antagonistic effect on grimness and mortality. It influences physical development and improvement amid the development time frame and prompts summed up useful hindrance, incapacity, reduced efficiency, and failure to adapt to ecological dangers including protection from disease. The dietary status of an individual is basically controlled by the admission of a sufficient eating regimen and an individual's defenselessness to contaminations which interfere with digestion and assimilation (Raman, 1992).
Ignorance of the basic principles of nutrition is a major cause of many diseases of malnutrition. Malnutrition is not due to lack of economic resources but to the poverty of knowledge and information needed for food needs. The society in which various diseases of malnutrition spread has low efficiency and ability of labor and production and cannot make progress of any kind, because the nutritional status of individuals directly affects society as a whole (Ayat Obaid,2001).
Malnutrition at its fundamental biological level is an insufficient supply of supplements to the cell. On an organic dimension, dietary lack issue might be named essential or optional, as indicated by the accessibility of the supplement. An essential insufficiency infection is an illness that outcomes specifically from the dietary absence of explicit basic supplements. An auxiliary inadequacy infection is a malady that outcomes from the powerlessness of the body to utilize a particular supplement legitimately (Akseer N, et al, 2017).
More than one-half of the 9.7 million child and adolescents deaths worldwide are caused by undernutrition. Malnutrition alone not only kills but also accelerates the burden of infectious diseases. World Health Organization in 2002 pointed out that more than 3.7 million deaths could be due to being underweight. As long as deaths from undernutrition occur among young children and adolescents, the loss of healthy life years is even more substantial (Lui JC, Nilsson O, Baron J, 2011).
Adolescence is a physiological and social process through which a child matures into an adult. The word is borrowed from the Latin adolēscentia, and its first known use was in the 15th century. The UN defines young people as those aged 10–24, early adolescents as those aged 10–14 years, and late adolescents as those aged 15– 19 years. The world is currently home to 1.8 billion young people; this is the largest generation in human history. Their number and population share continue to grow in many places, and nearly 90% of young people live in low- and middle-income countries (Rodriguez CA, et al, 2017).
Adolescence is a critical period in the process of growth and development. This phase is characterized by a rapid increase in height and weight and many changes in physiological and social. During adolescence, the prevalence of malnutrition and erratic food behavior leads to the spread of future diseases such as osteoporosis, obesity, increased fat levels, delayed puberty, final height at puberty, and nutritional deficiencies during this phase this age (Iman Al-Beloni, Mason Shteifi, 2003: 3).
Proper nutrition is defined as eating an individual's food containing enough nutrients for his or her body. If a deficiency or increase in one or more nutrients in his or her daily food or inability to take advantage of nutrients is repeated, this leads to physiological disorders in the human body, known as malnutrition.
Malnutrition is a disease caused by shortness or excessive intakes of one or more nutrients, such as obesity, thinness, night sickness, scurvy, rickets, bone marrow, anemia, beriberi, and pellagra. Among the most common diseases of malnutrition among teenagers: Anemia and obesity.
The World Health Organization and the United Nations Children's Fund have warned people of the dangers of malnutrition by saving children and adolescents from the risk of malnutrition (Laila A. Hossam El-Din, 2004).
Malnutrition does not stop at measuring the amount eaten or failing to eat. Medically, malnutrition is diagnosed by not eating adequate amounts of proteins, energy, and other nutrients and is also diagnosed with an infection or illness.
Ignoring the basic principles of nutrition is a major cause of many diseases of malnutrition. Malnutrition is not only due to lack of economic resources but to lack of knowledge and information needed for food (Ghai OP, 2006).
Therefore, the study recommended that food culture programs should be provided to all family members. It was found that there is a relationship between cardiovascular disease and eating fat in food, in terms of quantity and quality, for example, the level of cholesterol in the blood indicators of atherosclerosis in humans, has also proved that heart disease and blood circulation are linked to the amount and type of protein and is a vegetarian or animal? Therefore, preventive nutrition is the best treatment to avoid the most serious diseases caused by malnutrition in adolescents.
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