Migration is one the most prominent factor of population. Migration effects the population of a country in both right and wrong factors.AS it have positive and negative impact on the population and also on the country’s other factors, for example: Poverty, climate changes, development etc. These factors have influence on the people of the country.
In further, we will discuss these factors in both positive and negative aspects that how they are affecting the country’s conditions .As the recent migrant people in Pakistan is 3,628,956 and the from the 1960’s to 2019, the percentage of migrant people in Pakistan is decreased from 5.77% to 1.92% . The falling in the percentage of the migrants shows that in 60 years the people leaving the country due to many reasons. The people who came to our country because of education, jobs etc. going somewhere else or going back to their countries but why?
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In literature review we will discuss that how the factors of development, economy, climate change and people migrated from rural to urban area and poverty effect the county’s population and the country’s conditions.
Migration is vast topic in which include the internal and international migrations that why people migrated from their countries to our countries or that why our citizen migrate from our country and go to other countries, The main factors are education and jobs, Unemployment and illiteracy is the biggest issue which we discuss in the further.
In critical analysis we will discuss that factors because our country’s condition become worst day by day due to the terrorism, due to bad economy, not having good government, issues of taxes and many more.
The number of people living together in a place, society, region or in a country is called population. The population of a certain place is not static, it can be increases or decreases with the passage of time. As the time passes the population of every country increases or decreases due to many factors such as new technologies, higher birth rate, improved agriculture and many more. Along his changing in population is also cause by the migration.
Migration is an approach to move starting with one spot then onto the next so as to live and work. Development of individuals from their home to another city, state or nation for an occupation, sanctuary or some different reasons is called migration.
These days, numerous individuals choose to move to have a superior life. Business openings are the most widely recognized explanation because of which individuals relocate. But this, absence of chances, better training, development of dams, globalization, catastrophic event (flood and dry season) and at times crop disappointment constrained townspeople to move to urban communities.
Individuals who move starting with one spot then onto the next looking for work or sanctuary are called migrants. The majority of the occasions transients individuals are not talented or instructed consequently they generally utilized as every day bets (laborers who are paid toward the finish of every day, for their administrations). Day by day bets don't get enough cash for the endurance of their families and experiencing numerous issues, for example, they need more nourishment to eat, sanitation, cleanliness, a legitimate spot to live and so forth.
Migration has also positive and negative impact on society:
Positive Impact:
o Joblessness is decreased and individuals show signs of improvement openings for work.
o Movement helps in improving the personal satisfaction of individuals.
o It improves public activity of individuals as they find out about new culture, customs, and dialects which improves fellowship among individuals.
Negative Impact :
o The passing of an individual from country regions, sway on the degree of yield and advancement of rustic regions.
o The inundation of laborers in urban zones expands rivalry for the activity, houses, school offices and so on.
o Having huge populace puts an excessive amount of weight on normal assets, luxuries and administrations.
As the migration is the one of the factor of increasing and decreasing in population. This paper aims to provide a strategic overview over how the migration is the important factor and how it has effect the different aspects of the society. Migration is seek from the perspective of rights and sustainability.
Rural to urban migration plays an important role in the poverty reduction and rural development. Migration take place when the changes occurs in the society like when society transfer from the agriculture factor to industrial factor, lack of employment, education, healthcare, inability of agriculture sector etc. In all these socio-economic factor the most important factor is poverty which majorly promote the migration.
Richard et al., studied the effect of settlement and global movement of lightening of neediness. Worldwide studies shows that the migration and settlement of people to the new place had a great impact on the countries poverty level.
According to latest estimate the poverty level in Pakistan is that 24% of population live below the poverty line which include the 31%i in rural and 13% in urban areas.
Recent work on poverty has paying greater attention toward process, power and power relation in production of the poverty using very systematic methods. These methods are for the exclusion the poverty from the society. The concept of poverty can be understood on the basis of different category such as caste, kinship, family construction etc.
Burki.S.J., says that the migration in the development is the factor which is largely ignored by the researcher, After the independence millions of people migrated from India to Pakistan and made an huge difference in the development. As from the start, they made a burden but with the passage of the time as they settled, they has a great part in the development.
In history, migration has an important role in the development of Pakistan. As the Indians were really against the premised partition because of the minority population in India of Muslims. The people who migrated called Mohajirs .At that time Punjab and Sindh were two provinces where the most Mohajirs came and stay. These people mainly settled in the urban areas.
These were the people who had made everything on their basis as we did not have any industries and other things. These people start the agriculture and with passage of time they move toward industrial era where they further developed made everything easy for everyone.
Economy of every country plays an important role in the development of the country. And if the economy affects the country would be in loss. The migration of people in the country is the main cause. As the people come to the country and start to settle here the economy of the country would affect very badly.
In 2019, about 38 million international migrants migrated to Pakistan, which is equal to the 14% of global migrant population which are under age of 20 and 202 million international migrants which is equal to the 74% of migrant population which are in between of 20 to 64 according to age.
Many of them who are under 20, their responsible would be on the government of country and it may affect the economy of country. But now the government took the serious steps for balancing the economy of the country to send back the migrants. Some people who apply asylum and tend to seek it, reject their application because of incomplete documents and many other factors.
As migration has effects on many things so as same has effect on the climate of the country. The most influential thing is the conclusion of governmental panel of the climate change assessment report that the magnitude of human displacement and migration is rise in 21st century. The climate changes may effect the population of any place very badly. The climate changes may include rainfall shifts, heat stress, and water scarcity.
According to the Parry and Lovell, 2007 estimate that ,may it is possible that the climate changes can motivate about 25 million to 1 billion to migrate from anywhere. The migrated people are those who would live in the most unacceptable ad in a worst conditions in the rural areas of arid and semi-arid region.
Human migration has been happening despite atmosphere change. Nonetheless, logical proof proposes that ecological change has played a job in forming human versatility and settlement designs since the Holocene (McKone et al., 1998; Hughes and Brown, 1992). Fleeting and spatial variety in asset efficiency due to natural inconstancy constrained individuals to move and pushed them to agglomerate around heightened settlements for diminished presentation to dangers (Low, 1990; Morgan, 2009).
Even today the climate changes still trigger the migration of the people and have a huge impact the on the country where they migrated and where from they migrated.
As we overview the literature and upper given statistics shows that the migration from the Pakistan is decreasing day by day. The migrant people leave the country. As the literature review gave us information that the researchers only discussed the factors that the migrant people effect the country and how but no one ever talked about the declination in migrant people in few years. Why the people who migrated in the country leave the country. What are those factors which force them to leave the country.
The people came here all the from their countries are leaving away the country because of many factors. The government of ours not let them to live here. The people who applied the asylum here, their applications were not accepted by the government. Many of them were send back to their countries.
Another factor are that the environment of the country, as the terrorism. This factor is present in everywhere and in every country but our media plays a negative role in showing so much terror about the country. Everyone thinks that, Pakistan is not the save place to live peacefully even every country has this factor but their media do not show such content on their media but our media openly discuss these things and people do not take Pakistan as a save place.
Economy is another thing that day by day the economy of the country become worst. Everything is going to be expensive. The rates of necessities for living are become higher and higher. Poor and middle class people and not able to complete their needs, then how they think about the luxuries.
My analysis is here is that the government do no think about the people of the country that even our citizens leave the country and try to go out the country because they are not able to complete their needs. Many of them leave the country because of the education, jobs and many more. They do have to think about their future, about their children future. So they moved out. They moved to those countries where the government have some care about their people and they provide basic necessities to their people.
The discussion above, conclude that the migration of people from one place to another do have many effects on may factors of the country. It may effect positively and negatively .The historical development, economy, climate changes etc have effect on the people also. The people who migrated and leave their countries for better jobs, education, better life style and for better future can face many problems to settle in other countries and those people who left their country Pakistan and moved to other countries also faces the same difficulties.
The people move due to fulfill their need and for better life have many issues, The government of others countries do not accept them easily, To give them asylum they have to do many things in a difficult situation. They have to face many problems.
People who left their countries do have this realization that where they are living is the best place. They do not have to leave that place for any other reasons, The up and downs came everywhere.
The migration percentage is decreasing because the country’s is not enough to fulfill the requirement of the public.
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