September 11, 2001 also known as 9/11 has become a historic event that changed the life of the Americans public, but also government. On Tuesday morning four American Airlines airplanes were highjacked by radicals that were associated with the Islamic extremist group al Qaeda as directed by their leader Osama Bin Laden. These airplanes were all directed to fly into the biggest cities to command the attention and bring fear to the American public. As each airplane was directed to hit the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, the Pentagon just outside Washington, D.C., and Shanksville, Pennsylvania. It has been labeled one of the deadliest attacks in history calculating to an estimated 2,974 death (Bergen, 2020). The hijacking of aircraft used to destroy Americans lives was something never seen before as a result the United States made it their mission to implement new guidelines to prevent another catastrophic event from occurring. In this paper readers will be able to understand what the 2002 Homeland Security Act is, the goal, what the job of home land security entails, subcategories ran by homeland security, and the National Terrorism Advisory team.
George W. Bush,the 43rd president of the United States, signed the Homeland Security Act of 2002 and began a level of large national security since the act of 1947 (Department of Homeland Security, 2017). The act was implemented as a result of president and other executive officials trying to impede refuge from coming to the United States to commit another tragedy. It was stated by the Kirstjen Nielsen, the Homeland Security Secretary on April 12,2019 “that the lack of coordination and intelligence sharing among government agencies was a central concern that led to the cabinet department’s creation” (Anderson, 2019). As a result, the primary goal that President Bush had in mind when creating this act was a way to hinder terrorist attacks within the United States.
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The goals of the Homeland Security Act are to prevent terrorism such as outside threat and decrease the susceptibility of terrorism attack. Until 9/11 occurred the United States, did not have one particular branch that focused on security; just an assortment of federal agencies and the military.
[bookmark: OLE_LINK1][bookmark: OLE_LINK2] The Homeland Security Act offers the secretary of Homeland Security the ability to direct and control enquiries that require access to information needed to investigate and prevent terrorism. The Homeland Security has the authority to investigate minors without the consent of parent or legal guardian if the U.S feels that they are a treat (dhs.gov). Like the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act also known as HIPAA, the information that is found is protected from unauthorized personnel. As younger terrorist are being trained by the elders and technology keeps advancing the Homeland security team tracks everyone that they may feel is a threat to its citizens.
As technology keeps advancing many of the Homeland Security accomplishments are to block foreign attacks by illuminating tactics to the public, in addition to tools that may help facilitate an attack. In the article, Department of Homeland Security Strategic Framework for Countering Terrorism and Targeted Violence it states that the Department has used a multi-tiered approach for protection against attacks such as using modern technology, augmenting its intelligence and analytic capabilities, offering innovative training o frontline personnel, and building the capacity of our international partners. The Department of Homeland Security states that forming this new approach it will allow them to “push the borders outward” as the things continue to develop and terrorist continue to think outside the box. As many of the homeland security employees have acknowledged the critical role advances in technology has facilitated in the spread, advancement, and collaboration of violent ideologies and plots of personal throughout the world.
The Homeland Security Act is also recognized as the US Department of Homeland Security. The Department of Homeland Security includes other organizations, such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure, U.S customs and Border protection, FEMA, Federal law enforcement training center, U.S. immigration and Customs enforcement, US Coast Guard, US Secret Service, and Transportation Security Administration (dhs.gov). Without the major subcomponent listed above the Department of Homeland Security will not be able to provide the outmost safety to its citizens, It has been stated that each year 730 million people travel on commercial aircraft, and more than 700 million pieces of luggage are screened for explosive, 11.2 million trucks and 2.2 million rails cars cross into the United States, and 7,500 foreign flagships make 51,000 calls in U.S ports (Dempsey, 2020). As the U.S is the most visited city and holds the most citizens having many of these major subcomponents allows visitors and its citizens to be properly screened to decrease the chances of attacks.
As many of foreigners come to the U.S the Department of Homeland Security initiated a program called US-VISIT and Transportation Security Agency. The US VISIT program is another part of an extent security measurement that begins outside the U.S and continues until the visitors decides to depart. This program is extremely important as it heightens reassurance to its citizens and visitors while permitting legitimate travel and trades across the borders by securing the borders, and facilitating entry and exit. While the Transportation Security Agency also known as TSA is considered the front lines of the nation’s effort to secure air transportation from terrorism ((Dempsey,2020). The TSA employees have been trained to investigate any criminal terrorist behaviors, confiscate firearms, aircraft specific attics, and close quarters self-defense measures to protect the flying public (Dempsey,2020).
Homeland Security also developed a National Threat Advisory system to enhance protection to its citizens through the usage of colors. The National Threat Advisory system utilizes color-coded levels to specify the state of dangers to the country. For example, the color green is considered low threat while red is considered severe. This color system was developed to prepare for forthcoming terrorist attacks and allow for successful communication to occur between parties in a timely and detailed manor.
The Department of Homeland Security ensures to hire the most knowledgeable, qualified, skillful employees, in addition to granting successes in its mission to prevent foreign terrorist whom seek to harm the public. Homeland Security has continually denied entries to foreigners that poses a threat by stopping them at our border or even before they reach it by conducting a thorough background checks and following guideline implementation. The Homeland Security is a department that was solely built to prevent, safeguard against, alleviate, react to, and augment recovery from multidimensional threats to the United States. In conclusion, readers have been able to identify what the 2002 Homeland Security Act is, the goal, what the job of home land security entails, subcategories ran by homeland security, and the National Terrorsism Advisory team.
Work Cited
- https://www.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/publications/19_0920_plcy_strategic-framework-countering-terrorism-targeted-violence.pdf
- https://books.google.com/books?id=qQo7oDMSVXgC&pg=PA342&lpg=PA342&dq=Homeland+Security+includes+other+organizations,+such+as+the+Federal+Emergency+Management+Agency,+US+Coast+Guard,+US+Secret+Service,+and+Transportation+Security+Administration+(dhs.gov).&source=bl&ots=kdLsZFaraw&sig=ACfU3U2wst5fNkN4duWL5OglBYKrjxg-xg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwif1Mf37LfpAhWic98KHT96BL4Q6AEwD3oECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=Homeland%20Security%20includes%20other%20organizations%2C%20such%20as%20the%20Federal%20Emergency%20Management%20Agency%2C%20US%20Coast%20Guard%2C%20US%20Secret%20Service%2C%20and%20Transportation%20Security%20Administration%20(dhs.gov).&f=false
- https://www.dhs.gov/creation-department-homeland-security
- https://www.forbes.com/sites/stuartanderson/2019/04/12/why-was-the-homeland-security-department-created/#62edc5a6ad4b
- https://www.northeastern.edu/graduate/blog/what-does-homeland-security-do/
- https://www.martindale.com/matter/asr-8824.pdf
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