Mount Merapi is located in Central Java in Indonesia. It’s inside the Ring of Fire it’s on the destructive plate boundary between the Indo-Australian and the Eurasian plate. It’s the second most active volcano in the nation. The volcano is 2 930 m high and 32 km wide. The volcano has been around for 400 000 years. The volcano has been erupting regularly since 1548, one explosion stood out and it was early November 2010. Mount Merapi was named like that because Merapi means Fire Mountain. It’s a strato volcano it is still active.
The Primary effects of Mount Merapi are the hot gases and volcanic bombs went up to a temperature of 800°C and it expanded to 11km away. The pyroclastic flows spread 3km down Mount Merapi, ash fell up to 30km away and 5km into the sky. It made an ash cloud of 15km, and the villages were under 30cm of ash. The sulfur dioxide from the ash cloud was blown all over Indonesia and furthermore to South as Australia. Secondary effects of the eruption are due to the numerous crop destructions, the vegetable prices increased, emergency shelters had to move over 15km away. The danger area had been moved over to 20km from Mount Merapi causing 278 000 people living on the extremity of the mountain had to flee. Planes and airports had to be canceled in Western Australia, due to the ash clouds and the risk of damage from the ash cloud. The ash rock and lava got transported into the towns due to the rainfall creating a lahar.
In November 2010 the Mount Merapi volcano erupted and on the volcanic explosively index it was a 4, It was a higher eruption than the Eyjafjallajokull volcano. The social impact of the volcano is that 200 000 people turned homeless, 320 000 people got displaced and 278 000 that were living on the extremity of the volcano had to depart and go love somewhere else. The emergency shelters got moved over 15km away, the danger zone was continued 20km away from Mount Merapi and due to the big eruption there were overcrowded centers, leading to weak hygiene, no privacy and there was a dangerous risk of disease. The volcano brought noms for the tourism industry for survivors and a hot spa that has been displayed by the mud that can improve health and skin.
The economic impacts of Mount Merapi are the vegetable prices increase dour to all the loss of crops in the eruption, planes flying over the extremity of Indonesia got canceled to prevent the risk of the damage to the aircraft from the ash clouds. The eruption brand more tourists to see the Mount Merapi but it also caused them to cancel. The mineral prices increased to the load of lava that dried up containing gold, silver, and diamond.
The environment of the eruption is the ash, rock and other types of rocks got deposited on the exterior of the volcano got washed down by the rain creating a lahar. The sulfur dioxide from the ash clouds got blown away throughout Indonesia and redhead a bit South Australia. The water reservoirs got contaminated due to the acidic lava and ash. The ash from Mount Merapi led to more fertile soils in the all over the area. The geothermal energy is a heat source that could be renewed from the hot rocks near the crust of the earth.
The short-term responses of the Mount Merapi eruption were the 210 evacuation centers were set up in tents, schools, churches stadiums, and the government’s offices. 1600 citizens helped out the need, they were either part of the military or the aid response.
The long-term responses and results, a more stable evacuation system was built because the schools and government’s offices which were used for the evacuation system were being reopened. The government got permanent houses for 2682 people. The government also rose up money to help out farmers to restart their crops, and they set up a special task to support the homeless, the family issues or the loss of jobs.
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Mount Merapi Volcano – One of World’s Most Active Volcanoes.
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2022 Sept 15 [cited 2024 Nov 21].
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