Theoretical and Practical Issues of Crime Prevention in Malaysia

Introduction

The Royal Malaysian Police (RMP; Malay: Polis Diraja Malaysia, PDRM) is a branch of Malaysia's security forces. The force is a centralized organization charged with the task of everything from traffic control to intelligence gathering. Its main headquarters are in Kuala Lumpur's Bukit Aman district.

The RMP collaborates collaboratively with police forces all across the world, including those of the four neighboring countries. Malaysia is bordered by the Indonesian National Police, the Royal Brunei Police Force, the Royal Thai Police Force, and the Singapore Police Force.

The modern police organization in Malaysia started on March 25, 1807, with the granting of the Penang Charter of Justice. Police organizations had been limited to their respective states at the time. Only after World War II was a single police organization, known as the Civil Affairs Police Force, established with the maiden administration of the center. H. B. Longworthy organized and established this organization in Malaya.

During the confrontations between Malaysian and Indonesian forces from 1963 to 1965, the police and military forces fought against Indonesian infiltrations in the states of Johor and Sabah. On July 24, 1958, almost a year after Malaysia's independence, the King of Malaysia, Almarhum Tuanku Abdul Rahman Ibni Almarhum Tuanku Muhamad, bestowed the Royal title on the Malayan Federation Police Forces. The Royal Malaysian Police (RMP) was formed in 1963 by the acquisition of the Royal Federation of Malayan Police (RFMP), the North Borneo Armed Constabulary, and the Sarawak Constabulary.

Malaysia Crime Prevention Foundation (MCPF), a non-profit organization, was formed on January 11th, 1993. It is the first Chapter established outside of Japan of the Asia Crime Prevention Foundation, which is based in Tokyo. The Foundation was officially launched by Malaysia's former Prime Minister, YABhg Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, who was also the Foundation's Patron at the time.

In conjunction with the Foundation's launch, the Royal Malaysia Police (RMP) and UNAFEI (United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and Treatment of Offenders) co-organized the Seminar on 'Effective Counter-Measures Against Organized Crime,' which did take place between January 18 and 21, 1993. Approximately 200 people were involved. The current patron is Malaysia's Prime Minister, YABhg Tan Sri Dato' Hj. Muhyiddin bin Hj. Mohd. Yassin. MCPF's objectives are to raise public awareness regarding crime prevention and offender rehabilitation at all times. In addition to encouraging public participation in the government's and other interested parties and non-governmental organizations' efforts to prevent crime.

The MCPF contributes to the enhancement of effective crime prevention and offender rehabilitation measures. Our country's main objective is to achieve peace, stability, and a manageable level of crime.

Content

The police force is a group of officers that represent the civil authority of the government. Police officers are typically responsible for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the law, and preventing, detecting, and investigating criminal activity. Policing refers to these functions. Police are frequently entrusted with various licensing and regulatory functions. However, for two reasons, police researchers have criticized the popular understanding of the term policing, which refers to members of a public organization with the legal authority to maintain order and enforce the law. For starters, it defines police officers' goals for the organization rather than the specific methods they employ to achieve those goals. Second, the range of situations in which police are involved to intervene needs to be extended far beyond law enforcement and order maintenance.

The Royal Malaysian Police Force constitution, control, employment, recruitment, fund, discipline, duties, and powers are specified and governed by the Police Act 1967. The main role of The Royal Malaysian Police is law enforcement. The Royal Malaysian Police is the main agency that is tasked with maintaining the law and order in Malaysia. Law enforcement is the activity of some members of the government who act in an effective manner to enforce the law by discovering, trying to discourage, rehabilitating, or punishing people who violate the rules and norms that govern that society.

Next, RMP also deals with community safety concerns. Dealing with community safety is about helping the communities to be and feel safe. This is important for them to make us feel safe. The aim of this is to support communities develop solutions that help tackle crime, fear of crime, and anti-social behavior.

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Other than that, resolving disputes among the community or in the force itself. The process of resolving disputes between parties is known as dispute resolution. Although conflicts are generally more deep-rooted and lengthier than disputes, the terms dispute resolution and conflict resolution are sometimes used interchangeably.

Furthermore, RMP also mainly investigates a crime that happened in the community. A criminal investigation is a multifaceted problem-solving activity. When an officer arrives at a crime scene, he or she will be most often required to make critical decisions, sometimes involving life and death, based on limited information in a dynamic environment of active and still evolving events. After the criminal event, the investigator is expected to preserve the crime scene, collect evidence, and devise an investigative strategic plan that will contribute to the emergence of reasonable grounds to identify and arrest the person or persons responsible for the crime.

Lastly, RMP also enforces traffic laws to ensure the safety of the community on the road and the highway. Traffic enforcement is generally described as the controlling of road users' compliance with road laws and the punishment for noncompliance. The primary objective of enforcement is to minimize the incidence of traffic violations through control and punitive sanctions. Traffic laws are in place to keep you and other drivers safe on the road. If we do not adhere to them, we endanger not only ourselves but also innocent bystanders and drivers. Knowing the rules of the road, practicing good driving skills, and generally taking care as a road user all help to play an important role in preventing a crash.

NGOs are grass-root populations, groups, and institutions that occurred spontaneously from the heart of society, participate in non-profit and voluntary activities to help relieve social problems and serve the general public, and consider their independence from government as their most significant advantage. NGOs, which have been considered among newly founded civil organizations, are established and operated by motivated citizens' voluntary collaboration to do group collective activities in the form of a coherent structure and organization to contribute to social development and welfare, as well as the empowerment of society members, without any having to rely on the government.

NGOs have different goals, generally moving towards trying to advance social or political goals for the members of the society. For example, protecting the environment, trying to encourage human rights and respect for people and groups, raising the levels of the welfare of the oppressed, and offering joint programs in a manner commensurate. Such organizations, which include a spectrum of political and philosophical situations, are in number.

The roles of RMP and MCPF are different as MCPF is a non-profit government organization that is created to promote awareness in crime prevention and rehabilitation among the community. The first role of MCPF is to promote public awareness of crime prevention at all times. MCPF would travel around Malaysia to help promote the public about to be aware of crime prevention. As this is important for the public in Malaysia to ensure that the public knows how to prevent the crimes that are happening around their neighborhood or anywhere else and to reduce the crime rate in Malaysia. As a result, it can involve community crime prevention. The premise of community crime prevention is that private citizens can play an important role in preventing crime in their neighborhoods. Individual citizens, small groups, and volunteer community organizations are encouraged to participate in activities targeted at decreasing crime and improving the standard of living in their community members through community crime prevention programs.

Next. MCPF's role is also to get public participation in crime-preventing efforts of the Government and other organizations. In order to tackle crime effectively, communities must always be consulted about the issues that they face and how to resolve them. Involving the public presents both challenges and opportunities, but it can result in increased trust in the criminal justice system. For example, neighborhood watch. Neighbourhood Watch is a program that encourages neighbors to keep a watchful eye out for each other. The program combats crime in the most efficient manner possible – before it commences – by significantly reducing the opportunities for crime to occur. Neighbourhood Watch is a crime-reduction program that encourages you to learn how to recognize and report suspicious activity in your neighborhood, as well as how to make your home less appealing as a target for thieves.

Additionally, conducting, assisting, or encouraging such activities as surveys, research, and related activities in the areas of crime prevention and the treatment of offenders. MCPF conducts surveys with the public in order to assist in crime prevention in public areas. As for the treatment of the offenders, it may help to give them a second chance for the offenders after their prison time. Giving community service as a part of the punishment is a great example.

Other than that, MCPF publishes and distribute pamphlets, post bulletins, and other informative source in order to expose people to crime prevention. This is a great way in order to promote public awareness of crime prevention. Nowadays, MCPF also posts informative stuff online as it is a more logical way because people nowadays get everything online by using social media. Social media platforms are being increasingly used to prevent crimes and conduct an investigation. They allow police departments to share information with the wider population. They also allow law enforcement to interact with and involve their communities in novel and potentially transformative ways.

Lastly, MCPF conducts public talks, meetings, and seminars relating to crime prevention and the treatment of offenders. MCPF conducts events like this for the public to be aware of preventing crime on many levels. Conducting public talks can achieve the goal of preventing crime in Malaysia. It can be conducted both physically and online.

Conclusion

To prevent and respond to crime, modern police organizations were established. For decades, evaluation research has cast doubt on traditional policing strategies. Police forces all over the world and Malaysia are currently experimenting with new methods used to control and prevent crime. Independent of the police, several crime prevention strategies have emerged. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, police departments turned to community policing to minimize environmental crime while improving relationships with their communities. Nowadays, the collaborative effort of non-governmental organizations in crime prevention is also a good idea for exchanging ideas in crime prevention and attaining enlightenment in Malaysia. Experimentation and local knowledge are required for crime prevention. Local governments must play a role in crime prevention and policing, for example, by establishing safety councils to coordinate both. Beyond crime fighting, we must take into account crime prevention. Development can help to reduce crime, but it is not a complete solution. Drugs and alcohol are the two biggest contributors to crime, and campaigns attempting to address both issues are obligated. It is important to acknowledge that significant legal, cultural, and political differences across local and regional contexts affect the consideration and practical application of crime prevention. Even the term 'crime prevention' will be applied differently, if at all, in different parts of the world. The body of knowledge about crime prevention is most often derived from a small number of countries and regions, which is particularly problematic. Certain approaches may work well in one context but have negative consequences in another. Lastly, what I hope for Malaysia in the future of crime prevention. All the communities can work together with law enforcement and other organizations in order to maintain peace and a crime-free in this country. Crime always can happen anywhere but if we know how to prevent it, we can achieve what we all want for the sake of Malaysia. This is also for the future of our grandchildren to see and experience and we don’t want them to grow up in a world where crime is a common thing to live in.

References

1. Hughes, G. (1998). Understanding crime prevention. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).
2. Hope, T. (1995). Community crime prevention. Crime and Justice, 19, 21-89.
3. Rosenbaum, D. P., Lurigio, A. J.,