The topics presented to the UNEP are “Hydraulic Fracking” and “Urban planning in the age of the megacity”. The assembly is currently consisted of 193 Member States with its mission to support and encourage individuals and nations towards the gratification of their standards of living, while maintaining sustainability through this conscious effort. To illustrate this, the UNEP has played an active role in supporting Columbia with projects and initiatives for the betterment of the tropical country.
Hydraulic Fracking is a form of extruding oil and gas from the Earth, by drilling approximately 7500 feet down, using a combination of water, sand and chemicals. This chemical mixture can contain salts, acids, benzene or lead, of which can all cause major destruction to the environment. Fracking is currently being used in 45 countries, with the United States, Canada and China participating in the activity immensely.
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Colombia has constantly been debating as to whether or not fracking should be done, and due to multiple protests and anti-fracking groups, such as Alianza Colombia Libre de Fracking, Colombia’s top administrative court maintained a temporary moratorium on the use of fracking. Yet the idea of this shale extraction method is convenient and seems to assist as cheap and readily available energy. As per the CIA, Colombia has exports of 726,700 bbl/day (2015 est.) of crude oil, which proves to contribute a major role in the GDP of the developing country. This is a much-needed source of income for the economy, considering the 2.5 million residents living in the slums. The income gained from these exports can be extremely beneficial to its people; through better infrastructure and welfare services. To add on, fracking provides jobs naturally, and with Colombia’s unemployment rates (from Jan 2001 to Aug 2019, with an average rate of 11.14 %.), fracking seems to give a huge benefit to the country with its economic growth. Regardless, the costs incurred to set up the fracking procedures are high, but through fracking’s high tax revenue and income gained from these exports, it can easily be covered up. With the money earned from these activities, it’s possible to, therefore, increase water supply using different methods, which can benefit the community. Furthermore, Colombia has been interested in the nation’s resources to provide income for the country, and are making efforts to improve this using the different methods, but at the moment, it’s main concern is to work towards betterment of the country while simultaneously controlling the issues to do with its environment and economy as it goes through its post-conflict phase.
Colombia proposes that the UNEP helps in missions to improve the safeness of fracking and prevent it from causing too much damage, as well as provide help through the bombings of the pipelines.
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