Introduction:
Adolescents are the major human resource of any nation. Their well-being is a major concern of any nation. But day by day pressure is increasing on adolescents which causes many psycho-somatic problems like tension, anxiety, depression, frustration, and many emotional problems in their day-to-day lives. So the study of emotional maturity is the most important concern in any developing country because India stands first on the list of adolescent populations of all over countries. If adolescents are being taken care they will achieve success for themself as well as their society. The growth of adolescents means the growth of their nation.
Emotional maturity is not something that is automatically given to someone when they turn to adolescents. It is not something that grows with a person’s chronological age. A years child can be more emotionally mature than any adult person. Emotional maturity is an ability that develops by knowing how to respond to any situation maturely and responsibly. An emotionally mature person can make effective adjustments to himself as well as society and an emotionally immature person has mproblemsblem to adjust with themselves their society.
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One of the Major important concerns of social scientists is to study issues which would help in benefiting disadvantaged groups. Since disadvantaged groups have their specific potentials, efforts should be made to discover these abilities. Nurturing and strengthening their talents can also help to reduce the negative impact of deficits and help to strengthen their weaknesses. Not only can the differently able become self-dependent, but they may also even contribute to society in their way. The large numbers of individuals falling into the various groups of those who are differently able make it imperative that we not deny this group the chance to live a good quality of life in harmonious relationships with the community and the world at large.
Physically Challenged:
A challenged person suffers from any continuing disability of body or intellect that is likely to interfere with his normal growth functioning and capacity to learn. His disability may be due to unfavorable factors in his heredity or environmental influences affecting him in the pre-natal, and post-natal periods. A person is considered to be challenged if he/she cannot, within limits, play, learn, work, or do the things that other people of his/her age can do if he/she is hindered from achieving what should be his/her full physical, mental and social potentialities.
In the dictionary of sociology, “a challenged person is defined as one who possesses a physical defect which reduces his/her efficiency in performing personal and social obligations.”
Another definition states that “a handicapped person cannot hold to his age group because of a physical trait or injury, some emotional disturbance or restriction in his mental ability” (Rusink, 1963).
Emotional Maturity:
Emotions are associated with every living being and emotional expressions might be different according to the situations. Emotions play a significant role in everyone’s life and it would not be out of place to mention that an individual’s life without emotional experiences becomes worthless because emotions bring thrills and excitement that make one’s life colorful and joyous. Behind a successful person, there is an art of management of emotions including practical skills and the ability to handle people (Goleman, 1995).
The concept of “Mature” emotional behavior of any level is that which reflects the fruits of normal emotional development. A person who can keep his emotions under control, which can break delay and suffer without self-pity, might still be emotionally stunned and childish. Like all major concepts of maladjustment and mental health, the concept of emotional maturity also happens to be a by-product of therapeutic intervention in the psychiatric setting. Emotional maturity is always relative. A five-year-old child has emotional maturity if he is capable of the emotional behavior we judge fit for a five-year-old. Emotional maturity, however, develops throughout life. It is also a form of maturity from which one can regress most quickly.
According to Ashanasy, Hartel, & Zerbe (2000), “Emotional Maturity has been defined as an array of capabilities, competencies, and skills that influence one’s ability to cope with environmental demands.”
According to Campbell, Assonants&DePaul (2003) “Emotional maturity, like personality maturity in general, has often been investigated by referring to individual’s self-conceptions.”
Adjustment:
The term adjustment occurs so frequently in psychological literature that it must be understood as a core concept of the discipline. This is undoubtedly true, since each of us is faced with a multitude of challenges, obstacles, and conflicts, and all these must be managed through appropriate behavior. The behavioral process of balancing conflicting needs, and overcoming obstacles in a healthy constructive manner such that we are not alienated from the environment may broadly be termed as adjustment. Adjustment involves altering one's behavior to reach a harmonious relationship with the environment. This is typically a response brought about by some type of change that has taken place. Sometimes the stress of this change causes one to try to reach a new type of balance or homeostasis between the individual (both inwardly and outwardly) and the environment.
A person with an impaired physique differs as a group in overall adjustment from their able-bodied counterparts. Based on special cases on disability, it appears that an extraordinary weight is given to physique regarding gender role relationships which challenges self-esteem in the process of adjustment.
According to Good (1959), 'Adjustment is the process of finding and adopting modes of behavior suitable to the environment or the changes in the environment.'
Gates and Jerslid (1948) have pointed out that adjustment is a continuous process in which a person varies his behavior to produce a more harmonious relationship between himself and his environment.
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