We live in a world where everything is transported by the use of vehicles, so it is necessary to have knowledge about vehicle pollution. But before that let us talk about pollution. Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These harmful materials are called pollutants. Similarly, vehicle pollution is the introduction of harmful pollutants into the environment by motor vehicles.
The pollutants introduced have several effects on human health and the symptoms include cough, nausea, headache, irritation in the eye, and visibility problems. As the population increases, the purchasing power of the people also increases therefore everyone has a vehicle these days for transportation which is very bad for the environment.
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In this essay on vehicle pollution, we are going to talk about the ingredients of vehicle pollution, causes of vehicle pollution, the effects of vehicle pollution, and how it could be controlled.
Causes of Vehicular Pollution
The major cause of vehicle pollution is the rapid increase in the number of vehicles. Over the last few decades, most vehicles have been produced. The population of vehicles was about 1.4 billion in 2020 itself. The rapid growth in vehicles means more fuel is required which results in the emission of harmful gases in the environment that causes air pollution. Other major factors that contribute to the increase in vehicular pollution in urban areas are poor fuel quality, use of old vehicles, congested traffic which results in smog, no proper traffic management, two-stroke engines, no proper maintenance of vehicles.
Main Pollutants of Vehicular Pollution
- Hazardous air pollutants are the chemical compounds that are emitted by trunks, cars, gas pumps, and other related sources.
- Sulfur dioxide is another main pollutant that is released into the environment when the sulfur present in the fuel burns, especially diesel. It possesses a health risk to most children and can even lead to asthma.
- Carbon monoxide is formed by the combustion of fuels such as gasoline. It is both colourless and odourless gas. When carbon monoxide is inhaled, it can block the transport of oxygen to the brain, heart, and other important organs in the body.
- Particulate matter- These possess a serious threat to human health as they penetrate into the human lungs and can cause serious breathing problems. A type of particulate matter is soot seen in motor vehicles.
- Nitrogen oxides- Oxides of nitrogen can cause irritation in the lungs and weaken the body’s defence against respiratory infections like pneumonia.
Effects of Vehicle Pollution
Global warming is considered to be the leading effect of vehicular pollution. Pollutants released from the vehicles result in the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere which results in depletion of the ozone layer. Depletion of the ozone layer results in an increase in the atmospheric temperature which in turn causes global warming. Other effects of vehicular pollution include smog and acid rain formation, reduction in the quality of air which affects tourism and it also causes health problems and lung-related diseases
Vehicular pollution includes the introduction of harmful smoke and other materials into the environment by motor vehicles or any automobiles. These materials, known as pollutants, have several bad effects on human health and the general ecosystem. The air pollution from vehicles in urban areas, particularly in big cities and metropolitan cities, has become a more serious problem now than it is in rural places.
Among major primary pollutants that are emitted from mobile sources some of the emissions are that are life-threatening are carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs), oxides of sulfur (SOx), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), particulate matter including dust and smoke, and compounds of lead. Pollutants emitted from vehicles can affect more than just your lungs. Indeed, these automobile pollutants pose really serious health risks at every stage of life, and can even cause death.
The impacts caused due to global warming will lead to climatic changes and largely affect people's health and the well-being of entire living creatures on earth and every community around the globe. Global warming will lead to more frequent and intense heat waves especially risky to young children and elderly people and will also cause sea-level rise, flooding, and drought that can destroy the local communities.
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