Chair (Barker) concluded that it is possible to use the anthropological method to study 'cultural and social organization'. Holmes (1998) pointed out this method to formulate a series of sociolinguistic universals. These include: 1. Men and women develop a variety of ways to use language. (1998: 462) 2. Women tend to pay more attention to the emotional function of interactions than men. (1998: 463) 3. Women tend to use language devices that emphasize harmony more than men. (1998: 468) 4. Women tend to interact by maintaining and strengthening unity. (1998: 472) 5. Women have a more flexible style than men. (1998: 475) Waltz (Waltz Broker) and Holmes (Holmes) analyze the method of difference from a cultural point of view. Chambers (Chambers, 1992) gives a biological explanation. Chambers claims that it has fewer neurological benefits, but is congenital in women. This advantage is believed to be achieved by using verbal skills and is being transferred to other behavioral abilities. Chambers believes the data from Detroit and Belfast are from Japan and the Middle East. Volatility analysis. Despite pointing out the intermediate nature of this explanation, he argued that women are precocious whether they have verbal expression abilities since childhood, and that they tend to apply oral expression skills to various growth processes (Chambers 1992: 201).
Sexual Difference Voice Quality: In voice communication, there is a difference in the voice quality used by men and women. Female. Male: Female: talk loudly talk quietly deep tone treble slow high speed bend bend comfortable tone nervous tone strong style powerless Style Nonverbal Communication: Similarly, there are differences in the quality of nonverbal communication used by men. And woman. Male: Female: using more physical space than performance of physical space staring maintaining proper eye contact using command gestures using consent gestures heading horses Tilt to keep the ' poker face' facial expressions the reason for the difference in use, there are several reasons for gender differences in language use. In this regard, you can issue 3 bills. First, unlike male females biologically, these differences have a serious impact on female gender differences. The use of language. Women tend to be psychologically united and get along with each other. It is supportive and non-competitive. People can naturally receive independence and power rather than units. Second, social organization is based on a hierarchical structure of power relationships. In such a system that men have, women generally do not have this advantage. Verbal behavior reflects the dominance of society and stops identifying male items they are trying to control. They made each other and made it with women. Women feel that they have no power to get out of the spot. Third, men and women are people of society. They have learned to behave in certain ways.
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Language behavior is primarily a learning behavior. Men learn to be men, women learn to be women. Most studies show that differences in male and female morphology indicate that this interaction is likely the result of different social and cultural adaptations and various gender distribution activities. It is prejudiced to call the female style 'cooperation' and the male style 'competition'. Most evidence suggests that men and women use other types of languages because of their different roles in society. The more different the roles, the bigger the difference. It is a very rigid society and hierarchical, the roles of men and women are not so different, and the languages are the same. Changes in society also reflect language changes. Domination and Obedience, Status and Power Most studies have found that in mixed conversations men tend to be more dominant than women. The dominant method is mainly supported by power-based variability. Power, on the other hand, comes in social, economic, social and historical positions. Helena Leet-Pellegrini (Helena Leet-Pellegrini) suggested that men's desire for conversation ability is higher than that of women who are interested in participating in group conversations with women's professionals at the same level as men's professionals. According to Jennifer Coates, men can get more attention in the classroom environment and more attention in the field of science. The technical issues that can lead to great success in these areas can ultimately have more power in a technological society. Conversation is not the only area where power is considered an important aspect of male-female motivation. It reflects the power of all aspects of communication, from the way it communicates to the actual theme of communication.
Women tend to be less concerned about power, more trained, and maintain relationships, and men are more concerned about their position. Women's Communication Tends to focus more on building and maintaining their relationships. Meanwhile, the male's state is high, power comes first. Your communication style reflects your desire to maintain your position in the relationship. According to Tan's investigation, men tend to tell stories to maintain their position. They make jokes or stories mainly centered on the man himself. On the other hand, women don't pay much attention to their strengths, so their stories are not centered around themselves but around others. The woman to learn is on the same level as the people around her, neglecting her role in the story and trying to strengthen relationships with the people around her. Zimmerman West (1975) and others who use the problem as a control strategy believe that male domination is represented by male control over males. Macro tissue can be expressed under male control over at least some of the microstructures. (Zimmerman West 1975: 125). It can be seen that one of the control mechanisms of the microstructure is the disruption strategy. Since men are more likely to disturb others than women, they can establish a male-dominant position in conversation. Therefore, some people ask to change the shift, but this issue is raised and maintained by men, or abandoned by women. Meanwhile, in some cultures, the problem can be used as a control mechanism. The above non-interval rules put pressure on speakers in these cultures and require answers to questions from many conversational situations.
Questions with examples or examples that can be used to maintain or maintain courtesy when doing comfortably without asking questions can be used to control the direction of the conversation and specific sentences combined. This kind of problem is used more often by women than by men, so you can set up a female domain. Gender composition Gender is determined by biology. Gender differences indicate biological physical institutional differences. Gender It is a social building, including the general manifestation of psychological, social, and cultural differences between men. And woman. Sex differences are recognized: Women: Have fewer fat-rich muscles, are not as strong as men, and have less weight. They mature faster and last longer. They have different sound qualities and different sound technologies, but most of the differences are likely due to different socialist processes: life voice quality. The difference between male and female voices in almost every language in the world is, for example, Hindi: Differences in word selection between different languages. Japanese women use ne or wa morphological changes when they say. According to Sapir (1929), the Yana language in California contains a special format that women can use to make speeches. Actors-actresses, waiters-waitresses, and teachers-in idioms of discrimination based on other genders like lovers. Deep-rooted patterns of semantic development and use further reinforce some of these differences. The scope and meaning of the hostess are completely different. Some other differences: man and woman, man and woman, man and woman, single, and bereavement from husband. d Widows and wives have different usages and meanings. Reikohu pointed out that there is a term for ' equality' that refers to men and women.
Various English language societies. 'He's a pro' and 'She's a pro.' Gender is a social structure Gender is a structure that should be attributed to many social institutions. These include families, educational institutions, judicial institutions, and religions. Media has recently become a powerful factor. Agent for gender-related ideas. Gender Unlike gender, it depends on a biological distinction. It is peculiar, it changes with time and context, which is more uncertain. Who is the sexist language 'sexist'? Who is using the language or the language itself? Lakoff claims that English is a sexist language. Therefore, with the use of language, women are more likely to submit to men. For example, women's names, job titles, and job titles are often different from men's. Tell men, using sex, if the proportion of women, all other conditions are the same. If you don't have a name, use the following terms: Mrs., Mrs. Dear, or Baby or Baby. Women receive more titles than men, and men are more familiar than other men. Languages vary depending on whether they contain gender Differences in words that describe objects without biological gender (quoted from Vigliocco 2005, p-515). Language is sufficient to adapt to all forms of change and space, so all expressions and gender-biased speeches are possible regardless of gender: president, president, salesman, salesman, actor, etc. You can also initialize the language and avoid dominant structures in structure and use. idiom. Therefore, the language itself is not sexist. People who speak a language may or may not be discriminated against by gender.
The feminist movement calls for the elimination of all types of discrimination, including social, economic, and linguistic discrimination. For women. Many suggestions can avoid the use of sexist language. Morphological changes: Supplier Lady-Vendor Sales Assistant, President, Craftsman, Firefighter-Firefighter, Security Guard Security, Human Artificial, Artificial Art, etc. Some women have recently united themselves. I tried to declare. 'Recover' your language. 'Men as the dominant group created language, thoughts, and reality,' Spender said. Penelope believes that women need to know 'parental tongue lies' and 'the world of patriarchal discourse.' She argues that women need to restructure their language for their purposes. Many feminists try to develop their linguistic customs, non-competitive remarks, or interrupted remarks for 'women' for free. Emergency 'feminization' distinguishes men and women. Gender and Gender Gender is a social construct, and gender is a biological term referring to men and women. Gender is a political vision based on gender, and is based on the dual division of men and women. This binary division seems natural. But the problem of this division starts with one. The other one is considered the second and the second. Chanter (2006) states that 'that is, biology, anatomy, physiology, nature, DNA structure, genetics, materiality,' body '(or represented by someone)' ranks first in logic or chronology. Social structure, gender-historical roles, expectations and stereotypes, cultural customs, sexual taboos and taboo behaviors, etc. Chante, 2006, p. 2. u2016 -43). Therefore, it can be said that a given biological gender (ie, boys, girls, men, and women) provided the basis for gender composition (gender attributes). Male and female). According to Tannen (1991: 77), dialogue language is above all sympathy among women. (Tannen 1991: 77). Its purpose is to establish contacts and negotiate relationships. Women tend to represent similar places and experiences, and in meetings, women tend to discuss and use their experiences as evidence. Meanwhile, for most men, language is a way to maintain independence and maintain a bargaining position. Hierarchical structure. According to Tannen (1991: 92), men perform tasks by demonstrating knowledge and skills. And men It can also be achieved by 'telling the story' through 'basic steps', joking, conveying information, etc. For example, meetings are often discussed by making clear statements about good and evil.
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